Shloka 17

Īśvara-gītā: Brahman as All-Pervading—Kāla, Prakṛti–Puruṣa, Tattva-Evolution, and Mokṣa

Devanagari script

सो ऽन्तरा सर्वमेवेदं नियच्छति सनातनः / प्रोच्यते भगवान् प्राणः सर्वज्ञः पुरुषोत्तमः

Transliteration

so 'ntarā sarvamevedaṃ niyacchati sanātanaḥ / procyate bhagavān prāṇaḥ sarvajñaḥ puruṣottamaḥ

Translation

Yang Kekal itu, bersemayam di dalam, mengekang dan memerintah seluruh alam semesta ini. Dia disebut Bhagavān—Prāṇa itu sendiri—Yang Maha Mengetahui, Puruṣottama, Insan Tertinggi.

Word by Word

• saḥ: he/that
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• antarā: within/inside
• antarā: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Adverbial location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: antarā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-विशेषण (adverb) अर्थे ‘अन्तः/मध्ये’

• sarvam: all
• sarvam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मपद

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• idam: this (universe)
• idam: Karma (कर्म/Object apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• niyacchati: restrains/governs
• niyacchati: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni + √yam (यम् धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• sanātanaḥ: eternal
• sanātanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sanātana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (of सः)

• procyate: is proclaimed/called
• procyate: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + √vac (वच् धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)

• bhagavān: the Blessed Lord
• bhagavān: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• prāṇaḥ: vital breath/life-force
• prāṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• sarvajñaḥ: omniscient
• sarvajñaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (सर्वं जानाति)

• puruṣottamaḥ: the supreme person
• puruṣottamaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (उत्तमः पुरुषः)

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) teaching the sages (Kurma Purana discourse style)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Bhagavan
• Prana
• Purushottama

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It presents the Supreme as the indwelling regulator (antaryāmin) who governs all from within, identified with Bhagavān and the supreme Puruṣa rather than a merely individual life-force.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse supports inner-directed meditation: contemplating the Lord as Prāṇa within the body and as the controller of all functions—an anchoring idea for prāṇa-dhāraṇā and īśvara-smṛti used in Purāṇic yoga frameworks.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By emphasizing one omniscient inner Lord as Prāṇa and Puruṣottama, it aligns with the Kurma Purana’s non-sectarian synthesis where the supreme divinity is one, expressed through Shaiva and Vaishnava names and functions.