Shloka 53

Īśvara-gītā (Adhyāya 2) — Ātma-svarūpa, Māyā, and the Unity of Sāṅkhya–Yoga

Devanagari script

तेषां हि वशमापन्ना माया मे विश्वरूपिणी / लभन्ते परमां शुद्धिं निर्वाणं ते मया सह

Transliteration

teṣāṃ hi vaśamāpannā māyā me viśvarūpiṇī / labhante paramāṃ śuddhiṃ nirvāṇaṃ te mayā saha

Translation

Bagi mereka, Māyā-Ku yang menzahirkan segala rupa—berwujud semesta—menjadi di bawah kendali; dan mereka mencapai kesucian tertinggi serta nirvāṇa, bersemayam bersama-Ku.

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठीविभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन (Plural), सर्वनाम-रूप (pronoun)

• हि: indeed
• हि: सम्बन्धसूचक (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (indeed/for)

• वशम्: control, sway
• वशम्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular)

• आपन्ना: having come under (subjugated)
• आपन्ना: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ√पद् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; ‘वशम्’ इति कर्म-सम्बन्धेन (having come under)

• माया: māyā, illusion/power
• माया: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मे: my
• मे: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-एकवचन (Genitive/Dative singular) एन्क्लिटिक रूप; अत्र षष्ठी (my)

• विश्वरूपिणी: having the form of the universe
• विश्वरूपिणी: विशेषण (adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व + रूपिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (विश्वस्य रूपम् यस्याः), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘माया’ इति विशेषण

• लभन्ते: they attain
• लभन्ते: क्रिया (verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √लभ् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), आत्मनेपद

• परमाम्: supreme
• परमाम्: विशेषण (adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘शुद्धिम्’ इति विशेषण

• शुद्धिम्: purity
• शुद्धिम्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• निर्वाणम्: nirvāṇa, liberation
• निर्वाणम्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्वाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘शुद्धिम्’ इत्यस्य अपि फल-रूपेण (as the state attained)

• ते: they
• ते: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-रूप

• मया: with me
• मया: सहकारक/सह (सह-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: सह (association)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्गसदृश अव्यय/सह-शब्द (postposition), तृतीया-सहयोगे (with + instrumental)

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) teaching as Ishvara in the Ishvara Gita context

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Maya
• Nirvana
• Ishvara (Lord Kurma/Vishnu)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It presents liberation as communion with Ishvara (“with Me”), implying the highest Self is realized through union with the Lord beyond the binding play of māyā.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes yogic mastery—where disciplined realization brings māyā under control—consistent with the Ishvara Gita’s path of devotion, knowledge, and meditative steadiness culminating in purity and moksha.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By speaking in an Ishvara-voice that grants nirvāṇa and purity, it aligns with the Kurma Purana’s non-sectarian synthesis: the supreme Lord (whether named Vishnu or Shiva) is the liberating reality beyond māyā.