Shloka 21

Explanation of Purification (Śuddhi-vyākhyāna)

कीर्तयन्नामगोत्रे तु भुवि प्रीतोस्त्विति क्षिपेत् / मित्रबन्धुजनैः सार्धं शेषं भुञ्जीत वाग्यतः / प्रतिसंवत्सरादि स्यादेकोद्दिष्टविधानतः

kīrtayannāmagotre tu bhuvi prītostviti kṣipet / mitrabandhujanaiḥ sārdhaṃ śeṣaṃ bhuñjīta vāgyataḥ / pratisaṃvatsarādi syādekoddiṣṭavidhānataḥ

Dengan menyebut nama dan gotra (salasilah) si mendiang, hendaklah persembahan diletakkan di atas tanah sambil berkata, “Semoga beliau berkenan.” Kemudian bersama sahabat dan kaum kerabat, hendaklah dimakan baki yang tinggal dengan menahan tutur kata. Ini dilakukan setiap tahun dan pada kesempatan seumpamanya menurut tata cara ekoddiṣṭa (upacara untuk seorang arwah).

kīrtayanreciting/mentioning
kīrtayan:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootkīrt (कीर्त्)
FormPresent Participle (शत्र्), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)
nāmagotrename and lineage
nāmagotre:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnāmagotra (नाम-गोत्र)
FormAccusative (द्वितीया), Dual (द्विवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
tubut/indeed
tu:
null
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (तु)
FormParticle
bhuvion the ground
bhuvi:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmi (भूमि)
FormLocative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
prītaḥpleased
prītaḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootprīta (प्रीत)
FormNominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)
astulet it be
astu:
Kriya (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस्)
FormLot (Imperative/लोट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
itithus
iti:
null
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (इति)
FormParticle
kṣipetshould throw/pour
kṣipet:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṣip (क्षिप्)
FormVidhilin (Potential/विधिलिङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
mitrabandhujanaiḥwith friends and relatives
mitrabandhujanaiḥ:
Sahartha (Association/सहार्थ)
TypeNoun
Rootmitrabandhujana (मित्र-बन्धु-जन)
FormInstrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)
sārdhamtogether with
sārdham:
null
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsārdham (सार्धम्)
FormPrepositional Adverb
śeṣamremainder (of food)
śeṣam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśeṣa (शेष)
FormAccusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
bhuñjītashould eat
bhuñjīta:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhuj (भुज्)
FormVidhilin (Potential/विधिलिङ्), Atmanepada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
vāgyataḥsilent (restrained in speech)
vāgyataḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāgyata (वाच्-यत)
FormNominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)
pratisaṃvatsarādithe annual ceremony etc.
pratisaṃvatsarādi:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpratisaṃvatsarādi (प्रति-संवत्सर-आदि)
FormNominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
syātshould be
syāt:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस्)
FormVidhilin (Potential/विधिलिङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
ekoddiṣṭavidhānataḥaccording to the rule of Ekoddishta
ekoddiṣṭavidhānataḥ:
Hetu/Manner
TypeIndeclinable
Rootekoddiṣṭavidhāna (एकोद्दिष्ट-विधान)
FormTasil Suffix (तसिल्)

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Ritual Type: Ekoddishta

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: prati-saṃvatsara (annual) and similar occasions

Concept: Ritual precision and respectful restraint (vāk-niyama) sustain the efficacy of offerings for the departed.

Vedantic Theme: Kartavya-karma and saṃskāra as purifying duties within pravṛtti, supporting subtle welfare beyond death.

Application: Perform annual ekoddiṣṭa with correct sankalpa (name-gotra), offer with reverence, and maintain disciplined speech and conduct during the rite.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Type: griha/śrāddha-vedi (domestic ritual space)

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: ekoddiṣṭa-śrāddha and annual observances (various śrāddha-vidhi passages); Garuda Purana: pinda-dāna and name-gotra sankalpa instructions in śrāddha sections

P
Pitris
P
Preta

FAQs

This verse highlights that ekoddiṣṭa is a focused rite for a single departed person, done by naming the deceased with gotra and offering with the intention “may he be pleased,” and it is repeated annually as prescribed.

In Preta Kanda contexts, such offerings and annual rites are presented as supportive acts for the departed (preta/pitṛ), aiming at satisfaction and welfare of the subtle journey through proper dharmic observance.

When performing memorial rites, keep the intention clear (name and lineage), follow a consistent annual observance, and maintain restraint and reverence (vāg-yama) during the ritual and shared meal.