Shloka 17

Akālamṛtyu: Preta-state Categories and the Nārāyaṇa-bali / Ekoddiṣṭa Remedy

Devanagari script

दक्षिणाभिमुखो भूत्वा प्रेतं विष्णुरिति स्मरेत् / अनादिनिधनो देवः शङ्खचक्रगदाधरः

Transliteration

dakṣiṇābhimukho bhūtvā pretaṃ viṣṇuriti smaret / anādinidhano devaḥ śaṅkhacakragadādharaḥ

Translation

Menghadap ke selatan, hendaklah mengingati roh yang telah pergi sambil bermeditasi: “Semoga Viṣṇu menyertaimu.” Dialah Tuhan yang tiada berawal dan tiada berakhir, Dewa yang memegang sangkha, cakra dan gada.

Word by Word

• dakṣiṇābhimukhaḥ: facing south
• dakṣiṇābhimukhaḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dakṣiṇābhimukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• bhūtvā: having become/turned
• bhūtvā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Ktva Pratyaya (Absolutive)

• pretam: the deceased
• pretam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: preta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• viṣṇuḥ: Vishnu
• viṣṇuḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता) or Predicate
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• iti: thus/as
• iti: None
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle

• smaret: should remember/visualize
• smaret: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: smṛ (धातु)
• Form: Optative (Vidhilin), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Singular

• anādinidhanaḥ: without beginning or end
• anādinidhanaḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anādinidhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular. (na ādiḥ na nidhanaṃ yasya)

• devaḥ: God
• devaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• śaṅkhacakragadādharaḥ: holder of conch, discus, and mace
• śaṅkhacakragadādharaḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śaṅkhacakragadādhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular. (Upapada Tatpurusha or Genitive Tatpurusha)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Shraddha Ritual

Beneficiary: Pitr

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Smaraṇa of Viṣṇu (anādi-nidhana) as the sanctifying support for the departed and the living performer.

Vedantic Theme: Nitya-īśvara (the eternal Lord) as āśraya; remembrance aligns the mind with the imperishable reality beyond death.

Application: During śrāddha/tarpaṇa, face south and mentally repeat “Viṣṇu” while visualizing Śaṅkha-Cakra-Gadādhara; keep attention steady and compassionate.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: ritual orientation

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa/Śrāddha sections: south-facing rites and Viṣṇu-smaraṇa motifs (general parallel within 2.40)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Preta

FAQs

What is the importance of facing south in Garuda Purana death rituals?

In this verse, facing south is prescribed as the ritual orientation while remembering the departed, aligning the act with the traditional direction associated with death-rites and the departed’s journey, and focusing the mind for Viṣṇu-smaraṇa on behalf of the preta.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

It emphasizes that support for the departed begins with remembrance and invocation of Viṣṇu—described as eternal and protective—indicating that divine recollection and refuge are central aids for the preta in the post-death transitional state.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

During memorial rites or prayers for the deceased, maintain a reverent, focused posture (traditionally south-facing in this context) and dedicate the act to Viṣṇu, cultivating steadiness, devotion, and compassionate intention for the departed.