Shloka 118
Dharma–Adharma Marks; Daśāha, Piṇḍa Formation, Śrāddha Calendar, Śayyā-dāna, and Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa Rules
विप्रेणैव यदा शूद्रा परिणीता प्रमादतः / एकोद्दिष्टन्तु तच्छ्राद्ध सा तु तेनैव युज्यते
vipreṇaiva yadā śūdrā pariṇītā pramādataḥ / ekoddiṣṭantu tacchrāddha sā tu tenaiva yujyate
Jika kerana kelalaian seorang brāhmaṇa telah mengahwini seorang wanita Śūdra, maka hendaklah dilakukan śrāddha ekoddiṣṭa (berniat tunggal) untuknya; dan wanita itu hendaklah dihubungkan secara ritual oleh brāhmaṇa itu sahaja.
Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)
Ritual Type: Ekoddishta
Beneficiary: Patni (wife) as preta/pitṛ-to-be
Timing: After death during preta-śrāddha sequence (implied)
Concept: Ritual responsibility follows the agent who created the marital/ritual linkage; ekoddiṣṭa is prescribed to regularize the deceased’s status.
Vedantic Theme: Karma-niyati and dharma as order (ṛta) expressed through prescribed rites; social acts entail continuing ritual obligations.
Application: When an irregular marriage occurs, the responsible husband alone performs the woman’s ekoddiṣṭa-śrāddha to ensure proper preta-to-pitṛ transition and avoid ritual confusion.
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: karuna
Type: gṛha/śrāddha-sthāna (implied)
Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa/Śrāddha-khaṇḍa: ekoddiṣṭa-vidhi and sapiṇḍīkaraṇa-vidhi (adjacent verses 2.34.119-122)
FAQs
This verse treats ekoddiṣṭa śrāddha as a specific, single-intent rite offered for an individual departed person, with clear instruction about who must undertake it in a given circumstance.
It assigns ritual responsibility to the same person who established the marital bond—here, stating that the brāhmaṇa who married her should perform (or ensure) her ekoddiṣṭa śrāddha, emphasizing continuity of ritual obligation.
It underscores carefulness in dharmic duties and clarity of responsibility in family death rites—ensuring that prescribed śrāddha is not neglected and is carried out by the appropriate responsible party.