Shloka 32

Devanagari script

अतिसारश्च नैरृत्यां वायव्यां दाहसंज्ञकः / एभिः परिवृतो नित्यं चित्रगुप्तः स तिष्ठति

Transliteration

atisāraśca nairṛtyāṃ vāyavyāṃ dāhasaṃjñakaḥ / ebhiḥ parivṛto nityaṃ citraguptaḥ sa tiṣṭhati

Translation

Di barat daya berdiri Atisāra (cirit-birit yang dahsyat), dan di barat laut ada yang dikenali sebagai Dāha (rasa terbakar). Dikelilingi oleh semuanya ini setiap masa, Chitragupta tetap berdiri di sana dalam alam Yama, mengawasi catatan perbuatan.

Word by Word

• atisāraḥ: diarrhea (atisāra)
• atisāraḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: atisāra (अतिसार प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• nairṛtyām: in the south-west
• nairṛtyām: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nairṛtī (नैरृती/नैरृत्य प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; दिशावाचक (in the south-west)

• vāyavyām: in the north-west
• vāyavyām: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāyavī (वायवी/वायव्य प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; दिशावाचक (in the north-west)

• dāha-saṃjñakaḥ: named ‘dāha’ (burning)
• dāha-saṃjñakaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dāha (दाह प्रातिपदिक) + saṃjñaka (संज्ञक प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: तत्पुरुष (दाह-संज्ञकः = दाह इति संज्ञा यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण/संज्ञा-निर्देश

• ebhiḥ: by/with these
• ebhiḥ: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (इदम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंस, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; करण (by/with these)

• parivṛtaḥ: surrounded
• parivṛtaḥ: Kriya (Predicative/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pari-√vṛ (परि + वृ धातु) → parivṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (surrounded)

• nityam: always
• nityam: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (नित्य प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण अव्ययीभूतम् (adverbial accusative: always)

• citraguptaḥ: Citragupta
• citraguptaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: citragupta (चित्रगुप्त प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• tiṣṭhati: stands/remains
• tiṣṭhati: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sthā (स्था धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Naraka

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Pitta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Citragupta stands ever surrounded by afflictions (atisāra, dāha, etc.), underscoring constant vigilance and the ever-present fruition of karma in Yama’s realm.

Vedantic Theme: Karmic administration is continuous (nityaṃ); dharma operates without interruption, reinforcing moral causality.

Application: Sustain ethical vigilance consistently, not intermittently; recognize that consequences can ‘surround’ life when discipline lapses.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: directional quarters surrounding a central station

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.33.29–32: the ring of afflictions around Citragupta; this verse concludes the catalog and returns focus to Citragupta’s stationing

Characters & Entities

• Citragupta
• Atisara
• Daha

FAQs

What is the importance of Citragupta in the Garuda Purana?

This verse places Citragupta as a constant presence in Yama’s realm, emphasizing his function as the ever-vigilant recorder and verifier of beings’ actions (karma) for judgment.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

By situating Citragupta among named directional forces/attendants (Atisāra and Dāha), the verse highlights that the post-death journey culminates in an ordered system of scrutiny where deeds are assessed before consequences are assigned.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Live with accountability: treat actions as permanently “on record.” Ethical conduct, truthfulness, and restraint are presented as the safest preparation for the inevitable review of one’s deeds.