Shloka 31

Yama-mārga (Adhvan) and the Courts of Yama: Vaivasvatī and Chitragupta

मध्यपीठोत्तरे ज्ञेयो तथा चान्या विषचिका / ऐशन्यां वै शिरो ऽर्तिश्च आग्नेय्याञ्चैव मृकता

madhyapīṭhottare jñeyo tathā cānyā viṣacikā / aiśanyāṃ vai śiro 'rtiśca āgneyyāñcaiva mṛkatā

Jika sakit pada bahagian atas tengah belakang, ketahuilah itu penyakit bernama viṣacikā, yang bersifat racun seperti kolera. Demikian juga, sakit di arah timur laut menandakan derita pada kepala, dan di arah tenggara menandakan penyakit susut/kemerosotan (mṛkatā).

madhya-pīṭha-uttareto the north of the central seat
madhya-pīṭha-uttare:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya (मध्य) + pīṭha (पीठ प्रातिपदिक) + uttara (उत्तर प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (मध्यपीठस्य उत्तरे); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण
jñeyaḥis to be known
jñeyaḥ:
Kriya (Predicative/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Root√jñā (ज्ञा धातु) → jñeya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभाव्य/विधेयार्थक कृदन्त (तव्यत्/यत्-प्रत्ययार्थ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (to be known)
tathālikewise
tathā:
Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक-अव्यय (likewise)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
anyāanother
anyā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootanya (अन्य प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण/संज्ञा-रूपेण (another [one])
viṣacikāviṣacikā (a disease name)
viṣacikā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣacikā (विषचिका प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
aiśanyāmin the north-east
aiśanyām:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootaiśanī (ऐशनी/ऐशान्य प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; दिशावाचक (in the north-east)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (indeed)
śiraḥhead (disease: headache)
śiraḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśiras (शिरस् प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
artiḥpain/affliction
artiḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootarti (अर्ति प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
āgneyyāmin the south-east
āgneyyām:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootāgneyī (आग्नेयी प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; दिशावाचक (in the south-east)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic: just/indeed)
mṛkatāmṛkatā (a disease name)
mṛkatā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛkatā (मृकता प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Naraka

Dosha: Pitta

Concept: Specific pains/signs correspond to specific afflictions; suffering is classified and knowable, implying ordered karmic fruition.

Vedantic Theme: The phenomenal body as a field where karma ripens in determinate patterns; knowledge of patterns fosters detachment and ethical vigilance.

Application: Observe causes and effects carefully; treat early signs (physical or moral) as prompts for correction and restraint.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Type: dik-mandala and body-map (deha-lakṣaṇa)

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.33.29–32: the surrounding afflictions of Citragupta’s station; this verse continues the catalog with directional specificity

V
Vishnu
G
Garuda

FAQs

This verse treats bodily pain and its directional/locational occurrence as a diagnostic omen, linking specific regions (north-east, south-east, upper middle-back) to particular ailments.

In the Preta Kanda, illness-signs are often presented as warnings that prompt timely dharmic preparation—medical care, purification, and rites—before a person enters the post-death journey.

Use it as a traditional indicator to take symptoms seriously: seek treatment early, reduce harmful habits, and maintain spiritual preparedness through prayer, charity, and appropriate family rites.