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Shloka 38

Dāna for the Preta: Supreme Gifts, Yama’s Pacification, and Viṣṇu-Smaraṇa at the Time of Death

Devanagari script

स्वर्गं जीवाः सुखं यान्ति च्युताः स्वर्गाच्च मानवाः / लब्ध्वा सुखं च वित्तं च दयादाक्षिण्यसंयुताः / पुत्रपौत्रैर्धनैराढ्या जीवेयुः शरदां शतम्

Transliteration

svargaṃ jīvāḥ sukhaṃ yānti cyutāḥ svargācca mānavāḥ / labdhvā sukhaṃ ca vittaṃ ca dayādākṣiṇyasaṃyutāḥ / putrapautrairdhanairāḍhyā jīveyuḥ śaradāṃ śatam

Translation

Jiwa-jiwa pergi ke syurga dengan bahagia; dan apabila manusia jatuh kembali dari syurga, setelah memperoleh kesenangan dan kekayaan, serta dikurniai belas kasihan dan kemurahan hati, mereka hidup seratus musim luruh—kaya dengan anak, cucu, dan harta.

Word by Word
स्वर्गम्to heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma (Goal/Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular)
जीवाःliving beings
जीवाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजीव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural)
सुखम्happily, with pleasure
सुखम्:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular; क्रियाविशेषणवत्)
यान्तिgo
यान्ति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√या (धातु)
Formलट्-लकारः (Present); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः; बहुवचनम् (3rd person plural)
च्युताःfallen, departed
च्युताः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootच्युत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √च्यु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि (past passive participle)
स्वर्गात्from heaven
स्वर्गात्:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (Ablative singular)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
मानवाःhumans
मानवाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमानव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural)
लब्ध्वाhaving obtained
लब्ध्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√लभ् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive)
सुखम्happiness
सुखम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
वित्तम्wealth
वित्तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
दयादाक्षिण्यसंयुताःendowed with compassion and generosity
दयादाक्षिण्यसंयुताः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदया (प्रातिपदिक) + दाक्षिण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + संयुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; सम्-√युज्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural); ‘दया च दाक्षिण्यं च’ इति द्वन्द्व-समाहारः, तेन ‘संयुत’ इति तृतीया-तत्पुरुषप्रायः (endowed with)
पुत्रपौत्रैःwith sons and grandsons
पुत्रपौत्रैः:
Karana (Accompaniment/Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + पौत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental plural); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः
धनैःwith riches
धनैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental plural)
आढ्याःprosperous, wealthy
आढ्याः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआढ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural)
जीवेयुःmay live, should live
जीवेयुः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√जीव् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः; बहुवचनम् (3rd person plural optative)
शरदाम्of autumns/years
शरदाम्:
Sambandha (Measure/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootशरद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive plural)
शतम्a hundred
शतम्:
Karma (Extent/Measure/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular; परिमाणार्थे)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Svarga

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Puṇya leads to svarga and happiness; after merit is exhausted, one returns to human birth, where prosperity, compassion, generosity, progeny, and longevity are described as fruits of prior merit and present virtues.

Vedantic Theme: Svarga as anitya-phala (impermanent result) within saṃsāra; ethical qualities (dayā, dākṣiṇya) refine karma and support a sattvic life conducive to higher aims.

Application: Treat prosperity as stewardship: practice generosity and compassion; remember that pleasures are transient and should be used to support dharma and spiritual progress.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: shringara

Geographic Context

Type: celestial realm

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: descriptions of svarga, cyuti (fall) after bhoga, and return to human birth (general internal parallel).

Characters & Entities
S
Svarga (Heaven)
J
Jivas (souls)
M
Manavas (humans)

FAQs

The verse links dayā (compassion) and dākṣiṇya (generosity) with favorable karmic outcomes—happiness in Svarga and, upon return to human life, prosperity, family continuity, and longevity.

It presents a two-stage karmic trajectory: merit can lead the jīva to Svarga, but that stay is finite; when the merit is exhausted, the being returns to human birth with residual fruits such as comfort, wealth, and a supportive lineage.

Cultivate compassion and generosity in daily life—charitable giving, kindness, and ethical conduct—since the text frames these as causes for both spiritual uplift and stable, dharmic well-being in worldly life.

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