Shloka 22
Akalamṛtyu-kāraṇa and Bāla Antyeṣṭi: Age-graded Funeral Rites, Śrāddha Types, and Sonship Duties
कर्तव्यं च खगश्रेष्ठ व्रतात्प्राक् प्रेततृप्तये / यदा नक्रियते सर्वं मुद्गलत्वं स गच्छति
kartavyaṃ ca khagaśreṣṭha vratātprāk pretatṛptaye / yadā nakriyate sarvaṃ mudgalatvaṃ sa gacchati
Wahai yang terbaik antara burung (khaga-śreṣṭha), sebelum memulakan vrata, hendaklah dilakukan apa yang wajib demi kepuasan preta (roh yang telah pergi). Apabila semuanya tidak dilakukan, dia jatuh ke keadaan yang disebut mudgalatva, suatu kemerosotan yang menghalang.
Lord Vishnu
Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni
Ritual Type: Ekoddishta
Beneficiary: Pitr
Timing: Before commencing a vrata (pre-vrata prerequisite).
Concept: One must prioritize duties to the departed (preta-tṛpti) before commencing vratas; neglect leads to an obstructed/degraded condition termed mudgalatva.
Vedantic Theme: Adhikāra (fitness) for vrata depends on fulfilling prior obligations; unresolved ṛṇa and saṃskāra-doṣa create inner/outer obstacles.
Application: Before starting major vows/fasts/observances, verify that pending śrāddha/preta-kriyā duties are completed; consult tradition for remediation if missed.
Primary Rasa: bhayanaka
Secondary Rasa: karuna
Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.25: warnings about omission of preta-kriyā and resulting doṣa states; Garuda Purana: sections describing obstacles from neglected śrāddha and remedies (prāyaścitta/dāna)
FAQs
This verse states that duties aimed at the preta’s satisfaction should be done first; neglecting them is treated as a serious ritual lapse with harmful consequences for the doer.
By emphasizing preta-tṛpti, it implies the departed remains in a condition needing support through prescribed rites; failure to perform them disrupts the proper post-death order and burdens the living with negative outcomes.
Prioritize essential ancestral/departed rites (as per one’s tradition) before optional vows and religious undertakings, and treat responsibilities toward family lineage and the departed as part of dharma.