Shloka 1
Akalamṛtyu-kāraṇa and Bāla Antyeṣṭi: Age-graded Funeral Rites, Śrāddha Types, and Sonship Duties
ऽल्पायुर्मरणहे तुबालान्त्येष्ट्योर्निरूपणं नाम चतुर्विशो ऽध्यायः श्रीविष्णुरुवाच / अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि पुरुषस्त्री विनिर्णयम् / जीवन्वापि मृतो वापि पञ्चवर्षाधिको ऽपि वा
'lpāyurmaraṇahe tubālāntyeṣṭyornirūpaṇaṃ nāma caturviśo 'dhyāyaḥ śrīviṣṇuruvāca / ataḥ paraṃ pravakṣyāmi puruṣastrī vinirṇayam / jīvanvāpi mṛto vāpi pañcavarṣādhiko 'pi vā
Inilah bab kedua puluh empat, bernama “Huraian tentang sebab-sebab kematian sebelum waktunya (umur pendek) dan upacara terakhir (antyeṣṭi) bagi kanak-kanak.” Śrī Viṣṇu bersabda: “Selepas ini Aku akan menerangkan penentuan yang tepat tentang anak lelaki dan anak perempuan—sama ada masih hidup atau telah meninggal, bahkan apabila usianya melebihi lima tahun.”
Lord Vishnu
Beneficiary: Pitr
Timing: Contextual: rites determined for child death/life status; includes cases above five years (age threshold).
Concept: Proper determination (vinirṇaya) of rites depends on age/status (living/dead; above five years), emphasizing precision in saṃskāra and antyeṣṭi duties.
Vedantic Theme: Dharma as a preparatory discipline: correct saṃskāra supports order (loka-saṅgraha) and the deceased’s onward journey; acknowledges impermanence (anityatā).
Application: Follow age-appropriate funeral protocols; consult competent tradition-bearers; avoid improvisation in sensitive rites for children.
Primary Rasa: shanta
Related Themes: Garuda Purana: Antyeshti and shraddha procedural chapters (child rites, ekoddishta/sapindana distinctions); Garuda Purana: discussions on alpāyu and causes of untimely death in related adhyayas
FAQs
This verse introduces a dedicated chapter that systematizes how last rites should be decided for children, treating proper ritual determination (vinirṇaya) as a dharmic necessity.
It states that the rules depend on clear categories—male/female and living/deceased status—and it specifically notes an age-threshold (above five years), implying differentiated procedures by age.
When a death occurs in a family—especially involving a child—seek guidance to follow age-appropriate and tradition-consistent antyeṣṭi decisions rather than applying a single uniform ritual to all cases.