Shloka 48

The Extent of Questions: Deathbed Rites, Kāla (Time), and Karma-Vipāka Rebirths

यैर्नानृतानि चोक्तानि प्रीतिभेदः कृतो न च / आस्तिकः श्रद्दधानश्च स सुखं मृत्युमृच्छति

yairnānṛtāni coktāni prītibhedaḥ kṛto na ca / āstikaḥ śraddadhānaśca sa sukhaṃ mṛtyumṛcchati

Sesiapa yang tidak berkata dusta dan tidak memecah-belahkan kasih sayang—serta beriman dan penuh śraddhā—akan menemui kematian dengan tenteram.

यैःby whom/with whom
यैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental 3rd), बहुवचनम्
not
:
Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)
अनृतानिfalsehoods/untruths
अनृतानि:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative 2nd), बहुवचनम्
and
:
Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
उक्तानिspoken/said
उक्तानि:
Kriya (Verbal notion/कृदन्त-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्तः (PPP) ‘उक्त’; नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचनम्; कर्मणि-भावः (things spoken)
प्रीतिभेदःbreach of affection/discord
प्रीतिभेदः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति (प्रातिपदिक) + भेद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (प्रीतेः भेदः)
कृतःdone/made
कृतः:
Kriya (Verbal notion/कृदन्त-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्तः (PPP) ‘कृत’; पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; (done/made)
not
:
Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)
and
:
Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
आस्तिकःa believer/pious person
आस्तिकः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootआस्तिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
श्रद्दधानःfaithful/trusting
श्रद्दधानः:
Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रद् + धा (धातु)
Formशानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्तः (present middle participle) ‘श्रद्दधान’; पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (qualifying) आस्तिकः
and
:
Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
सुखम्happily/with ease
सुखम्:
Karma (Manner/कर्म-प्रकार)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; क्रियाविशेषण-भावे (accusative of manner)
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
ऋच्छतिattains/reaches
ऋच्छति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootऋ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकारः (Present), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथम-पुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Concept: Truthfulness, non-disruption of affectionate bonds, and faith (āstikya, śraddhā) lead to a serene death.

Vedantic Theme: Sattva-śuddhi through satya and śraddhā; a calm mind at death aligns with higher gati and spiritual readiness.

Application: Practice truthful speech; avoid sowing relational discord; cultivate steady faith and trust through daily prayer, study, and ethical consistency.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: lists of sadācāra and death-facing virtues in Pretakalpa/dharma-oriented passages

G
Garuda
V
Vishnu
D
Dharma

FAQs

This verse treats avoiding false speech as a core dharmic discipline that supports a calm, untroubled passage at the time of death.

It links one’s inner state at death to lifelong conduct: faith (śraddhā) and non-harmful speech/relationships reduce fear and agitation, leading to a more peaceful transition.

Practice truthful, non-divisive speech; avoid creating rifts among loved ones; cultivate steady faith and trust in dharma—these habits support mental clarity and peace in life and at death.