Shloka 69
An Exposition of the Distinctions of Creation, Inert Matter, and the Lord
तमसोपेक्षया सत्त्वं दशांशाधिकमेव वै / प्रविष्टमस्तीति खग वक्तव्यं नात्र संशयः
tamasopekṣayā sattvaṃ daśāṃśādhikameva vai / praviṣṭamastīti khaga vaktavyaṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ
“Berbanding dengan tamas, sattva sesungguhnya lebih satu persepuluh. Maka hendaklah dinyatakan, wahai Burung (Garuda), bahawa sattva telah masuk sebagai unsur yang mendominasi—tiada keraguan tentangnya.”
Lord Vishnu
Concept: Sattva exceeds tamas by one-tenth; the statement is presented as definitive, removing doubt.
Vedantic Theme: Knowledge becomes firm (niścaya) when guṇa relations are understood; tamas is the principal obscurer, sattva the clarifier.
Application: To counter tamas (inertia, confusion), introduce small but consistent sattvic increments: morning light exposure, cleanliness, purposeful work, study, and mindful restraint.
Primary Rasa: shanta
Related Themes: 3.4.66 (doubt) → 3.4.67–70 (resolution via proportions)
FAQs
This verse emphasizes that sattva can predominate over tamas, and such predominance is explicitly affirmed by Vishnu, indicating purity and clarity are decisive factors in spiritual outcomes.
In the Preta Kanda’s framework, the guṇas shape the jīva’s tendencies and experiences; a rise in sattva supports clarity, restraint, and merit, which affects the post-death trajectory described in Yama’s domain.
Cultivate sattva through truthful conduct, self-control, sāttvika diet and habits, prayer/recitation, and charity—reducing tamasic inertia and confusion that drive harmful karma.