Shloka 56

Kāraṇānvēṣaṇam: The 32 Marks of Hari, Defects (Doṣas), Death-Omens, and Hari’s Omnipresence in Social & Household Life

Devanagari script

तद्विंशत्या लक्षणैः संयुतस्तु तदा दोषेर्द्वादशभिश्च युक्तः / एकोनविंशत्या लक्षणैश्चापि युक्तस्त्रयोदशभिस्तदभावैर्युतोग्निः

Transliteration

tadviṃśatyā lakṣaṇaiḥ saṃyutastu tadā doṣerdvādaśabhiśca yuktaḥ / ekonaviṃśatyā lakṣaṇaiścāpi yuktastrayodaśabhistadabhāvairyutogniḥ

Translation

Kemudian, apabila seseorang dikurniai dua puluh tanda demikian, ia juga terkait dengan dua belas doṣa tubuh (kecacatan humor). Demikian pula, apabila dikurniai sembilan belas tanda, maka Agni—api pencernaan—berhubung dengan tiga belas keadaan yang ditentukan oleh ketiadaan tanda/kecacatan itu.

Word by Word

• tad-viṃśatyā: by twenty
• tad-viṃśatyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक) + viṃśati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘by that twenty’ (= by twenty)

• lakṣaṇaiḥ: with characteristics
• lakṣaṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• saṃyutaḥ: endowed
• saṃyutaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-√yuj (युज् धातु)
• Form: PPP (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• tu: and/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Temporal adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)

• doṣeḥ: of Doṣa (name)
• doṣeḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: doṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (Vedic/archaic genitive in -eḥ)

• dvādaśabhiḥ: by twelve
• dvādaśabhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvādaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: (Numeral) Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• yuktaḥ: joined/endowed
• yuktaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √yuj (युज् धातु)
• Form: PPP (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ekona-viṃśatyā: by nineteen
• ekona-viṃśatyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ekona (प्रातिपदिक) + viṃśati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular; ‘one-less-than-twenty’ (= 19)

• lakṣaṇaiḥ: with characteristics
• lakṣaṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), ‘also/even’

• yuktaḥ: endowed
• yuktaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √yuj (युज् धातु)
• Form: PPP (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• trayodaśabhiḥ: by thirteen
• trayodaśabhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: trayodaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: (Numeral) Instrumental, Plural

• tad-abhāvaiḥ: with those absences
• tad-abhāvaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक) + abhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural; ‘by the absence of those (marks)’

• yutaḥ: endowed
• yutaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √yuj (युज् धातु)
• Form: PPP (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• agniḥ: Agni (fire)
• agniḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: agni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vainateya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Correlation of observable marks (laksana) with dosa involvement and agni’s functional states (including states defined by absence of faults).

Vedantic Theme: Guna-vyavahara: the play of qualities in prakrti (dosa/agni) is knowable and regulable; the Self remains the witness.

Application: Self-audit: track signs of imbalance and support agni through disciplined routine; cultivate witness-awareness so bodily fluctuations do not dominate the mind.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: body-microcosm

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.22 (dosa/agni and laksana enumeration sequence)

Characters & Entities

• Agni
• Doṣas

FAQs

What is the importance of doṣa and agni classification in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames a technical scheme where observable bodily signs (lakṣaṇas) correlate with doṣas and the state of digestive fire (agni), implying that constitution and imbalance can be inferred and addressed.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in Garuda Purana?

Indirectly: by detailing the body’s functional markers (doṣa/agni), it supports the Purana’s broader teaching that embodied conditions and karmic living shape one’s experience—before and after death—through the state of the subtle-physical system.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use self-observation of consistent bodily signs to recognize doṣa imbalance and support agni through disciplined diet, routine, and ethical restraint—so health and clarity aid dharmic living.