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Shloka 61

Sṛṣṭi-krama, Pratibimba-Upādhi, and Viṣṇu as Primary Brahman

with Pralaya and Nāma-Stuti

Devanagari script

सर्वापराधाद्रहितं दानमानैर्युक्तं सदा तारतम्याच्च हीनम् / दृष्ट्वापराधं तस्य विष्णुर्महात्मा हाहाकारं कुरुते क्रोधबुद्ध्या

Transliteration

sarvāparādhādrahitaṃ dānamānairyuktaṃ sadā tāratamyācca hīnam / dṛṣṭvāparādhaṃ tasya viṣṇurmahātmā hāhākāraṃ kurute krodhabuddhyā

Translation

Walaupun suatu sedekah bebas daripada segala kecacatan dan sentiasa disertai penghormatan yang wajar, namun jika ia dipersembahkan tanpa pertimbangan darjat (kelayakan dan kepatutan), maka Viṣṇu yang berjiwa agung—melihat ketidakwajaran itu—menjerit dalam dukacita, dengan fikiran digerakkan oleh murka.

Word by Word
सर्वall
सर्व:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; adjective used as upapada in compound
अपराधात्from offence/sin
अपराधात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootअपराध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचन
रहितम्free from
रहितम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootरहित (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-विशेषण)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; past participial adjective ‘devoid of’
दानgift/charity
दान:
Samāsa-pūrvapada (समासपूर्वपद)
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; first member in compound
मानैःwith honours/respect
मानैः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन
युक्तम्endowed/connected
युक्तम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; past participle of √युज् (युज् धातु) ‘joined/endowed’
सदाalways
सदा:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)
तारतम्यात्from gradation/inequality
तारतम्यात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootतारतम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
हीनम्deficient/inferior
हीनम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (दृश् धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having seen’
अपराधम्offence
अपराधम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअपराध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
तस्यof him/of that
तस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
विष्णुःVishnu
विष्णुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता-विशेषण), एकवचन
हाहाकारम्a cry of ‘hā hā’/lamentation
हाहाकारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootहाहाकार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
कुरुतेdoes/makes
कुरुते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (कृ धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
क्रोधanger
क्रोध:
Samāsa-pūrvapada (समासपूर्वपद)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; first member in compound
बुद्ध्याwith an angry mind/intent
बुद्ध्या:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; with implied compound sense ‘क्रोध-बुद्ध्या’
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Even ‘faultless’ charity becomes improper if given without tāratamya-viveka (discernment of recipient-worthiness and contextual propriety).

Vedantic Theme: Karma requires right intention and right ordering (niyama); dharma is subtle (sūkṣma) and not reducible to external correctness.

Application: Practice discerning generosity: verify need, integrity, and impact; honor recipients appropriately; avoid performative giving that violates ethical gradations.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: dāna, śrāddha, and recipient-qualification discussions where improper offering yields diminished or adverse results

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu

FAQs

This verse says that even a well-intentioned, respectful gift becomes deficient if offered without proper discernment of worthiness and appropriateness; that lack itself is treated as an aparādha.

It frames “improper giving” as a real fault: Viṣṇu is portrayed as reacting strongly when an offering violates dharmic propriety, implying that ritual and ethical correctness governs the merit of dāna.

Give with respect, but also with discernment—support genuinely suitable causes/recipients and follow correct procedures—so that charity remains dharmic and does not become an avoidable impropriety.

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