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Shloka 29

Sṛṣṭi-krama, Pratibimba-Upādhi, and Viṣṇu as Primary Brahman

with Pralaya and Nāma-Stuti

Devanagari script

यदा हि शेते प्रलयार्णवे विभुर्जीवांश्च सर्वानुदरे निवेश्य / मुक्तांश्च ब्रह्मेन्द्रमरुद्गणादीन्प्रात्पव्यमुक्तींश्च सुतौ? च संस्थितान्

Transliteration

yadā hi śete pralayārṇave vibhurjīvāṃśca sarvānudare niveśya / muktāṃśca brahmendramarudgaṇādīnprātpavyamuktīṃśca sutau? ca saṃsthitān

Translation

Pada saat pralaya, Tuhan Yang Maha Berkuasa berbaring di lautan pralaya, menarik semua makhluk bernyawa masuk ke dalam perut-Nya; di dalam diri-Nya juga terhimpun para yang telah mencapai moksha—Brahmā, Indra dan bala Marut—serta mereka yang masih akan mencapai pembebasan, semuanya tetap bersemayam dalam-Nya.

Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
Avyaya (अव्यय-प्रयोग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (relative adverb: ‘when’)
हिindeed
हि:
Avyaya (अव्यय-प्रयोग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
शेतेlies / rests
शेते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√शी (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
प्रलय-अर्णवेin the ocean of dissolution
प्रलय-अर्णवे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रलय (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्णव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘प्रलयस्य अर्णवः’); पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण
विभुःthe all-pervading Lord
विभुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविभु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
जीवान्living beings
जीवान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootजीव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन
चand
च:
Avyaya (अव्यय-प्रयोग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; ‘जीवान्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
उदरेin (his) belly
उदरे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootउदर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण (स्थान)
निवेश्यhaving placed
निवेश्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनिवेश्य (कृदन्त; √विश् धातु, नि-उपसर्ग)
Formल्यप्/क्त्वान्त-समकक्ष अव्यय (absolutive: ‘having placed/caused to enter’)
मुक्तान्the liberated (souls)
मुक्तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमुक्त (कृदन्त; √मुच् धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त) ‘मुक्त’ = liberated ones; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन
चand
च:
Avyaya (अव्यय-प्रयोग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात
ब्रह्म-इन्द्र-मरुद्गण-आदीन्Brahmā, Indra, the Marut hosts, and others
ब्रह्म-इन्द्र-मरुद्गण-आदीन्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + मरुद्गण (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व-समास (enumerative); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; ‘आदि’ अन्तेन ‘and others’
प्राप्तव्य-मुक्तीन्those (states) of liberation to be attained
प्राप्तव्य-मुक्तीन्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राप्तव्य (कृदन्त; √प्राप् धातु) + मुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (कर्मधारय/षष्ठीभाव: ‘प्राप्तव्या मुक्ति:’/‘प्राप्तव्यस्य मुक्ति:’); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; (पाठे ‘प्रात्पव्यमुक्तींश्च’ इति दूषितम्—अर्थतः ‘प्राप्तव्य-मुक्तीन्/मुक्तीः’)
चand
च:
Avyaya (अव्यय-प्रयोग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात
सुतौ?(unclear reading)
सुतौ?:
Unclear (अस्पष्ट)
TypeNoun
Root(पाठदोष/अस्पष्ट)
Formअस्पष्ट-पाठः; सम्भाव्यं ‘सुतौ’ (द्विवचन, सम्बोधन/प्रथमा) वा अन्यत्—निश्चितं न शक्यते
चand
च:
Avyaya (अव्यय-प्रयोग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात
संस्थितान्situated / kept
संस्थितान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootसंस्थित (कृदन्त; √स्था धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; ‘(तान्)…’ इत्यर्थे कर्मपद-विशेषणम्
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda, Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: All jīvas, including devas and even those termed ‘liberated’, are ultimately contained in the Supreme during pralaya; the Lord is the final āśraya (support) beyond states.

Vedantic Theme: Brahman/Nārāyaṇa as upādāna-nimitta-kāraṇa; laya (dissolution) into the Supreme; supremacy of Īśvara as the ground of all states.

Application: Cultivate remembrance of Viṣṇu as the ultimate refuge; reduce fear of dissolution/death by contemplating the Lord as the container and protector of all beings.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: cosmic ocean

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Brahma-khaṇḍa) cosmology passages on pralaya and Nārāyaṇa’s yoganidrā; Garuda Purana sections praising Viṣṇu as sarvādhāra and sarva-śaraṇa

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
B
Brahma
I
Indra
M
Maruts

FAQs

This verse presents pralaya as a re-absorption of all beings into Vishnu, emphasizing that the cosmos and all jīvas rest in the Supreme during dissolution.

It distinguishes between muktas (already liberated) and prāptavya-muktis (those yet to attain liberation), yet states that both ultimately abide in Vishnu during pralaya—highlighting the Supreme as the final ground of all states.

Cultivate detachment and devotion: even the highest statuses (like Indra) are transient, while steady remembrance of the Supreme supports a moksha-oriented life.

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