Shloka 26

Jñāna-hetu-nirūpaṇa

On the Causes/Means of Knowledge

तव स्वरूपे च जगत्स्वरूपे तवासमानं नास्ति विष्णो सदैव / यतस्तव प्राकृतो नास्ति देहो यतो ज्ञानं नास्ति नास्त्ये व नित्यम्

tava svarūpe ca jagatsvarūpe tavāsamānaṃ nāsti viṣṇo sadaiva / yatastava prākṛto nāsti deho yato jñānaṃ nāsti nāstye va nityam

Dalam hakikat diri-Mu—dan dalam hakikat alam semesta—tiada sesiapa yang setara dengan-Mu, wahai Viṣṇu, selama-lamanya. Kerana Engkau tidak mempunyai tubuh material (prakṛta); dan di mana Engkau berada, kejahilan tidak wujud—bahkan tidak pernah wujud sama sekali.

तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun), सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
स्वरूपेin (your) own form/nature
स्वरूपे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; अधिकरण (locative)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
जगत्-स्वरूपेin the form of the universe
जगत्-स्वरूपे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootजगत् (प्रातिपदिक) + स्वरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: 'of the world')
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
असमाम्unequal (to you)
असमाम्:
Pratijna/Predicate (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootअसम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण (predicate adjective)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
अस्तिexists/is
अस्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
विष्णोO Vishnu
विष्णो:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
सदैवalways
सदैव:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा + एव (अव्यय)
Formकाल-अव्यय (adverb of time)
यतःbecause/since
यतः:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतः (अव्यय)
Formहेतु-अव्यय (causal indeclinable: 'because/since')
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन
प्राकृतःmaterial/natural (made of prakṛti)
प्राकृतः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying देहः)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
देहःbody
देहः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्तृ/विषय (subject)
यतःsince
यतः:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतः (अव्यय)
Formहेतु-अव्यय (since/because)
ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विषय/कर्तृ (subject)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
एवindeed/only
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
नित्यम्always/eternally
नित्यम्:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्रियाविशेषणरूपेण नपुंसक-एकवचन (adverbial accusative)

Garuda (Vinata-putra) praising Lord Vishnu

Concept: Vishnu is incomparable; He is not constituted by prakriti and is free from ignorance—His being is pure knowledge, and avidya has no locus in Him.

Vedantic Theme: Nirupadhika Ishvara: transcendence of prakritic limitation; knowledge as svarupa (jnana-svarupa) and the impossibility of avidya in the Supreme; hints of non-dual grounding of jagat in Brahman/Ishvara.

Application: Contemplate divine transcendence to loosen anthropomorphic limitation: in meditation, negate material attributes (neti-neti) while affirming Vishnu as consciousness-ground; use this to reduce fear and confusion born of ignorance.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (general): Vishnu-tattva sections describing the Lord as beyond prakriti and as the support of the cosmos

V
Vishnu

FAQs

This verse asserts Vishnu's transcendence: He is not limited by a body made of prakṛti, establishing Him as the supreme, incomparable reality beyond material conditions.

By contrasting the Supreme's freedom from ignorance and material embodiment with embodied beings, it frames after-death teachings as guidance for souls bound by prakṛti and ajñāna to seek liberation through right knowledge and devotion.

Cultivate discernment that the divine is beyond material form and ignorance; apply this through study, japa, and ethical living that reduces attachment to the body and strengthens devotion and clarity.