Shloka 14

Measurements of the Sun’s Chariot, the Wheel of Time, and the Retinues of the Solar Months; Chariots of Soma and the Grahas

Devanagari script

पूषा च सुरुचिर्धाता गौतमो ऽथ धनञ्जयः / सुषेणो ऽन्यो धृताची च वसन्त्याश्वयुजे रवौ

Transliteration

pūṣā ca surucirdhātā gautamo 'tha dhanañjayaḥ / suṣeṇo 'nyo dhṛtācī ca vasantyāśvayuje ravau

Translation

Dalam bulan Vasanta dan Āśvayuja, nama-nama utama yang berkaitan dengan Surya (Dewa Matahari) ialah: Pūṣā, Suruci, Dhātā, Gautama, Dhanañjaya, seorang lagi bernama Suṣeṇa, dan Dhṛtācī.

Word by Word

• पूषा: Pūṣā
• पूषा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक

• सुरुचिः: Suruci
• सुरुचिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• धाता: Dhātā
• धाता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गौतमः: Gautama
• गौतमः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गौतम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha/Discourse marker (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (then/now)

• धनञ्जयः: Dhanañjaya
• धनञ्जयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक) + जय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (धनस्य जयः)

• सुषेणः: Suṣeṇa
• सुषेणः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/उपपद) + शेण/सेन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (सु-सेनः)

• अन्यः: another
• अन्यः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• धृताची: Dhṛtācī
• धृताची: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृताची (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक

• वसन्ति: dwell; reside
• वसन्ति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वस् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• आश्वयुजे: in Āśvayuja (month)
• आश्वयुजे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आश्वयुज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-सम्भाव्य (मास-नाम), सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• रवौ: in/under Ravi (the Sun)
• रवौ: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रवि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (narrating to Garuḍa/Vainateya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ravi as the visible regulator of dharma through time; seasonal dharma aligns with solar movement.

Vedantic Theme: Pratyakṣa-devatā (visible deity) as a doorway to Brahman/Īśvara contemplation; order (niyama) as spiritual support.

Application: Adopt sun-centered daily discipline (sandhyā, sūryārghya) and seasonally adjust observances in spring and autumn.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.58 (Ravi/Aditya attendants across months)

Characters & Entities

• Ravi (Sun)
• Pūṣā
• Dhātā
• Gautama
• Dhṛtācī
• Suruci
• Dhanañjaya
• Suṣeṇa

FAQs

What is the importance of listing these names in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves the month-wise traditional names/associates of the Sun (Ravi), useful for Surya-upāsanā, calendrical recitation, and understanding Purāṇic solar theology.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana themes like death rites and the soul’s journey?

It is part of the Ācāra (practice) material rather than the preta/afterlife narrative; it supports dharmic observances (like solar worship and time-keeping) that are presented as merit-producing disciplines.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use the names as a traditional remembrance in Surya-related prayers (e.g., during sunrise worship), and as a prompt to align daily discipline with dharma and seasonal awareness.