Shloka 9

Dāna-dharma: Threefold Classification, Right Recipients, Auspicious Timing, and Fruits of Gifts

Devanagari script

इक्षुभिः सन्ततां भुमिं यवगोधूमशालिनीम् / ददाति वेदविदुषे स न भूयो ऽभिजायते

Transliteration

ikṣubhiḥ santatāṃ bhumiṃ yavagodhūmaśālinīm / dadāti vedaviduṣe sa na bhūyo 'bhijāyate

Translation

Sesiapa yang mendermakan kepada seorang yang mengetahui Veda sebidang tanah yang subur dengan tebu, serta kaya dengan barli, gandum dan padi—dia tidak akan lahir lagi.

Word by Word

• इक्षुभिः: with sugarcane (plants)
• इक्षुभिः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इक्षु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; करण (instrument/means)

• सन्तताम्: continuous, well-extended
• सन्तताम्: Karma (Object-qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सन्तत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; भूमिम् इति विशेषण

• भूमिम्: land
• भूमिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• यवगोधूमशालिनीम्: abounding in barley and wheat
• यवगोधूमशालिनीम्: Karma (Object-qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यव + गोधूम + शालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; भूमिम् इति विशेषण; 'possessing barley and wheat'

• ददाति: gives
• ददाति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• वेदविदुषे: to a knower of the Veda
• वेदविदुषे: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेद + विद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन; सम्प्रदान (recipient)

• स: he
• स: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• भूयः: again
• भूयः: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भूयस् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) = 'again/further'

• अभिजायते: is born (again), is reborn
• अभिजायते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + √जन् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Supreme merit of bhū-dāna to a vedavid: such a gift is said to end further rebirth (na bhūyo ’bhijāyate).

Vedantic Theme: Merit culminating in release is framed through dharmic action; suggests that the highest dana, when perfectly aligned (worthy recipient + magnitude + purity), can become moksha-sahakari (aid to liberation).

Application: Support enduring sources of dharma and learning (land/endowments, scholarships, sustainable resources) rather than only one-time gifts; ensure ethical acquisition and transfer.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: farmland/land-grant

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana dana-prakarana: bhū-dāna and gifts to vedavids praised as exceptionally meritorious; immediate context 1.51.8 on vimala dana

Characters & Entities

• Veda-vid (Veda-knower)
• Dāna (charity)

FAQs

What is the importance of bhūmi-dāna (donation of land) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents bhūmi-dāna—especially fertile, food-producing land given to a Veda-knower—as an exceptionally meritorious gift, credited with removing the need for further rebirth.

How does this verse relate to liberation (moksha) rather than only worldly merit?

By stating “he is not born again,” the verse frames this form of dāna as spiritually transformative—supporting sacred learning and sustenance, and thus linked to release from saṃsāra.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Support genuine Vedic learning and dharmic livelihood—through land, food resources, or sustainable endowments—done with faith and right intention as an act of dharma and service.