Shloka 84

Ācāra-Nirṇaya: Varṇa-Āśrama Dharma, Śauca, Snāna, Sandhyā, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and Gṛhastha-Dinacaryā

Devanagari script

सर्वरत्नाकरा भूमिर्धान्यानि पशवः स्त्रियः / अर्थस्य कार्ययोगित्वादर्थ इत्यभिधीयते

Transliteration

sarvaratnākarā bhūmirdhānyāni paśavaḥ striyaḥ / arthasya kāryayogitvādartha ityabhidhīyate

Translation

Tanah yang menjadi khazanah segala permata, juga bijirin, ternakan, dan wanita—kerana sesuai untuk melaksanakan tujuan—semuanya disebut sebagai “artha” (harta dan sarana).

Word by Word

• सर्वरत्नाकरा: containing all gems (mine of all jewels)
• सर्वरत्नाकरा: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + रत्न + आकर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सर्वेषां रत्नानाम् आकरः यस्याः सा)

• भूमिः: earth, land
• भूमिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• धान्यानि: grains, cereals
• धान्यानि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धान्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• पशवः: cattle, animals
• पशवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• स्त्रियः: women
• स्त्रियः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• अर्थस्य: of wealth/meaning
• अर्थस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• कार्ययोगित्वात्: because of being fit for accomplishing tasks
• कार्ययोगित्वात्: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्य + योगित्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कार्यस्य योगित्वम्)

• अर्थः: wealth (is)
• अर्थः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• इति: thus, as
• इति: Quotation marker (इति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: इति-शब्दः (quotative particle)

• अभिधीयते: is called, is designated
• अभिधीयते: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + √धा (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive), आत्मनेपद

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vainateya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Artha is that which is ‘fit for accomplishing purposes’ (kārya-yogya): land/resources enabling livelihood and duties.

Vedantic Theme: Instrumentality (sādhana-sādhya viveka) at vyavahāra level—means are not the ultimate end.

Application: Treat assets (land, produce, livestock, social alliances) as responsibilities to be used for dharmic ends, not as identity or ultimate value.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: earth/territory

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana artha-nirūpaṇa passages: classification of wealth and rightful acquisition (general thematic link)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of Artha in Garuda Purana?

This verse defines artha as practical means that enable one’s aims—resources like land, grain, and livestock—framing wealth as functional support for dharmic living rather than mere accumulation.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly, it clarifies that artha is a means for rightful duties (dharma) that shape karmic outcomes; proper use of resources supports ethical conduct, which influences one’s post-death trajectory discussed elsewhere in the Purana.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat wealth as a tool: acquire and use resources responsibly for family support, charity, and dharmic obligations, prioritizing usefulness and right purpose over attachment.