Shloka 70

Oṣadhi-nāma-nirdeśa: Paryāya (Synonyms) of Herbs, Minerals, and Classical Measures

Devanagari script

प्रियङ्गुः कङ्गुका ज्ञेया कोरदूषश्च कोद्रवः / त्रिपुटः पुटसंज्ञश्च कलापो लङ्गको मतः

Transliteration

priyaṅguḥ kaṅgukā jñeyā koradūṣaśca kodravaḥ / tripuṭaḥ puṭasaṃjñaśca kalāpo laṅgako mataḥ

Translation

“Priyaṅgu” diketahui sebagai “kaṅgukā”; “kodrava” juga disebut “koradūṣa”. “Tripuṭa” dinamai “puṭa”, dan “kalāpa” dianggap sebagai “laṅgaka”.

Word by Word

• प्रियङ्गुः: priyaṅgu (a grain/plant)
• प्रियङ्गुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रियङ्गु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• कङ्गुका: kaṅgukā (a grain)
• कङ्गुका: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कङ्गुका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• ज्ञेया: should be known (as)
• ज्ञेया: Kriya (Predicative/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: तव्यत्/यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; ‘is to be known’

• कोरदूषः: koradūṣa (a grain)
• कोरदूषः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोरदूष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)

• कोद्रवः: kodrava (kodo millet)
• कोद्रवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोद्रव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• त्रिपुटः: tripuṭa (a grain/name)
• त्रिपुटः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिपुट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• पुट-संज्ञः: having the name ‘puṭa’
• पुट-संज्ञः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुट (प्रातिपदिक) + संज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पुटस्य संज्ञः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)

• कलापः: kalāpa (a grain/name)
• कलापः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• लङ्गकः: laṅgaka (a grain/name)
• लङ्गकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लङ्गक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• मतः: is considered/held to be
• मतः: Kriya (Predicative/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; ‘is considered’

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Paryāya-jñāna (knowledge of synonyms) is necessary for correct procurement and use of grains/plants.

Vedantic Theme: Right knowledge as a prerequisite for right conduct; avoiding bhranti (error) in worldly dealings.

Application: When encountering regional terms (kaṅgukā/koradūṣa/puṭa/laṅgaka), map them to priyaṅgu/kodrava/tripuṭa/kalāpa for accurate identification.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.204.67 (synonyms of liquids/sugars); Garuda Purana 1.204.71 (further enumerations)

Characters & Entities

• Lord Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of listing grain synonyms in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves authoritative synonymy of grains so that ritual items (especially for śrāddha and piṇḍa offerings) are not confused across regions and local names.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana death rituals?

By clarifying which grains correspond to which names, it supports correct preparation of offerings used in rites connected with the departed, where ingredient-accuracy is traditionally emphasized.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When arranging śrāddha/ancestral offerings, confirm the intended grain by Sanskrit name and local synonym to avoid substitution errors and maintain ritual consistency.