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Shloka 1

Upāyas for Cattle and Horses: Bonding, Parasites, Wounds, Swellings, and Mane Itching

Devanagari script

नाम द्व्युत्तरद्विशततमो ऽध्यायः हरिरुवाच / या गौर्द्वेष्टिं स्वकं वत्सं तस्या देयं स्वकं पयः / लवणेन समायुक्तं तस्या वत्सः प्रियो भवेत्

Transliteration

nāma dvyuttaradviśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ hariruvāca / yā gaurdveṣṭiṃ svakaṃ vatsaṃ tasyā deyaṃ svakaṃ payaḥ / lavaṇena samāyuktaṃ tasyā vatsaḥ priyo bhavet

Translation

Hari bersabda: Jika seekor lembu betina mula membenci anaknya sendiri, berikan kepadanya susu miliknya sendiri yang dicampur garam; dengan itu anak lembu itu akan kembali menjadi kesayangannya.

Word by Word
नाम(entitled)
नाम:
Sambandha (Discourse marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
Formपदपूरण/शीर्षकसूचक-अव्यय (indeclinable; title marker “named”)
द्विtwo
द्वि:
Sambandha (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक; समासपूर्वपद (numeral; compound member)
उत्तरbeyond/over
उत्तर:
Sambandha (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण; समासमध्यपद (adjectival; compound member)
द्विशततमःtwo-hundredth
द्विशततमः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि + शत + तम (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अध्यायस्य विशेषणम् (masculine nominative singular; ordinal)
अध्यायःchapter
अध्यायः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (masculine, nominative singular)
हरिःHari
हरिः:
Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (masculine, nominative singular)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (perfect, 3rd person singular, active)
याwhich (cow)
या:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (feminine nominative singular; relative pronoun)
गौःcow
गौः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (feminine nominative singular)
द्वेष्टिम्hatred/aversion
द्वेष्टिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वेष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (feminine accusative singular)
स्वकम्her own
स्वकम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘वत्सम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (masculine accusative singular; adjective)
वत्सम्calf
वत्सम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (masculine accusative singular)
तस्याःof her
तस्याः:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (feminine genitive singular)
देयम्to be given
देयम्:
Vidhyartha (Obligation predicate/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootदा (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
Formयत्-प्रत्ययान्त विधेय/कर्तव्यताबोधक कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘पयः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (gerundive; neuter nom/acc sg; “to be given”)
स्वकम्her own
स्वकम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘पयः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (neuter nom/acc sg; adjective)
पयःmilk
पयः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (neuter nominative/accusative singular)
लवणेनwith salt
लवणेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootलवण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (neuter instrumental singular)
समायुक्तम्mixed/combined
समायुक्तम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-युज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘पयः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (PPP; neuter nom/acc sg)
तस्याःof her
तस्याः:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (feminine genitive singular)
वत्सःthe calf
वत्सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (masculine nominative singular)
प्रियःdear/pleasing
प्रियः:
Vidhyartha (Predicate complement/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषणम् (masculine nominative singular; predicate adjective)
भवेत्would become
भवेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (optative, 3rd person singular, active)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (Hari)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Compassionate stewardship of animals; restoring natural bonds through appropriate, non-harmful measures.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma as sustaining order (ṛta-like): right action restores harmony in relationships among beings.

Application: In animal care, first attempt gentle, low-risk interventions; observe behavior and address stressors rather than punish.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: pasture/cowshed

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana practical sections on animal care and household remedies in the same adhyaya

Characters & Entities
H
Hari
C
cow
C
calf
S
salt
M
milk

FAQs

This verse treats the cow-calf bond as something to be protected and restored through a simple, non-harmful measure, reflecting dharmic responsibility and compassion in daily life.

Although not an afterlife passage, it functions as practical dharma—prescribing a specific, traditional procedure (milk mixed with salt) to correct a disruption in natural duty (a mother cow rejecting her calf).

It encourages humane, gentle interventions and responsible animal care; in modern contexts, it can be read as a call to address animal welfare issues with non-violent, restorative methods.

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