Shloka 24

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

वामपार्श्वास्थितः प्लीहा त्युतस्थानो विवर्धते / शोणिताद्वा रसादिभ्यो विवृद्धो जनयेद्व्यथाम्

Transliteration

vāmapārśvāsthitaḥ plīhā tyutasthāno vivardhate / śoṇitādvā rasādibhyo vivṛddho janayedvyathām

Translation

Limpa (plīhā) yang berada di sebelah kiri akan membesar apabila tersasar dari tempatnya yang wajar. Apabila ia meningkat kerana darah, atau kerana cecair tubuh bermula dengan rasa, maka timbullah kesakitan.

Word by Word

• वाम: left
• वाम: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)

• पार्श्व: side/flank
• पार्श्व: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)

• स्थितः: situated
• स्थितः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्थित (प्रातिपदिक; √स्था (धातु))
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; समासः सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः: वामपार्श्वे स्थितः (situated on the left side)

• प्लीहा: spleen
• प्लीहा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्लीहा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (masculine, nominative singular)

• त्युत: (as read) displaced/abnormal
• त्युत: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्युत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रातिपदिक (compound-member; पाठभेद/दुर्लभ-शब्द)

• स्थानः: having (such) position
• स्थानः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषः: त्युतस्थानः (one having an abnormal position)

• विवर्धते: enlarges
• विवर्धते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् (धातु) + वि- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद (it enlarges)

• शोणितात्: from blood
• शोणितात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोणित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन (ablative singular)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-निपात (disjunctive particle: or)

• रसात्: from rasa (plasma/juice)
• रसात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन (ablative singular; compound-member)

• आदिभ्यः: from and the like (others)
• आदिभ्यः: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी, बहुवचन (ablative plural: from etc. [others])

• विवृद्धः: enlarged
• विवृद्धः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विवृद्ध (प्रातिपदिक; √वृध् (धातु) + वि-)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (having enlarged)

• जनयेत्: would produce
• जनयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद (would produce)

• व्यथाम्: pain/affliction
• व्यथाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यथा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (feminine, accusative singular)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Pitta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Right knowledge of bodily loci and causes supports effective response; pain signals disorder of placement and humoral increase.

Vedantic Theme: Jñāna in the empirical domain (vyavahāra) is a support for dharma; yet the knower remains distinct from bodily change.

Application: Recognize left-sided abdominal pain/swelling as possible splenic enlargement; avoid blood-aggravating habits; seek diagnosis and appropriate therapy.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: bodily-region

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.161 (plīhā/udara context)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda
• Plīhā (spleen)
• Rasa
• Śoṇita

FAQs

What does this Garuda Purana verse say about spleen (plīhā) disorders?

It states that the spleen on the left side becomes enlarged when displaced from its proper position, and that increase arising from blood (śoṇita) or fluids like rasa leads to pain.

How is 'rasa' understood in this verse of the Garuda Purana?

Rasa refers to the primary nutritive fluid (the first dhātu) and, by extension, associated bodily fluids; imbalance or increase in these can contribute to organ swelling and pain.

Practical application of this teaching today?

Treat persistent left-side abdominal pain or suspected enlargement seriously, and view health through balance of bodily fluids and proper bodily function—seeking timely medical evaluation while appreciating the text’s diagnostic emphasis on cause and symptom.