Shloka 10

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

सर्वत्र तोये मरणं शोचनं तत्र निष्फलम् / गवाक्षवच्छिराजालैरुदरं गुड्गुडायते

Transliteration

sarvatra toye maraṇaṃ śocanaṃ tatra niṣphalam / gavākṣavacchirājālairudaraṃ guḍguḍāyate

Translation

Apabila maut kelihatan di mana-mana, seolah-olah air mengelilingi segala arah, ratapan menjadi sia-sia. Ketika itu perut berkeroncong, dan jaringan urat tampak seperti kisi-kisi jendela.

Word by Word

• सर्वत्र: everywhere
• सर्वत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण) — स्थानवाचक (locative adverb: “everywhere”)

• तोये: in water
• तोये: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तोय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन — Locative singular

• मरणम्: death
• मरणम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular

• शोचनम्: lamentation
• शोचनम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular

• तत्र: there; in that situation
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण) — स्थानवाचक (locative adverb: “there/in that case”)

• निष्फलम्: fruitless
• निष्फलम्: Karta (Subject-complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निष्फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular; विशेषण (predicate adjective)

• गवाक्षवत्: like a window
• गवाक्षवत्: Upamana (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गवाक्ष + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः (वत्-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण, indeclinable-like comparative); उपमानवाचक — “like a window”

• शिराजालैः: by networks of veins
• शिराजालैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरा + जाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन — Instrumental plural; शिराणां जालम् (network of veins)

• उदरम्: the abdomen
• उदरम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन — Nominative/Accusative singular (here: subject)

• गुड्गुडायते: gurgles; makes a rumbling sound
• गुड्गुडायते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गुड्गुड् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद — “makes a gurgling sound”

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Recognition of death’s inevitability makes lamentation fruitless; cultivate clear-sighted acceptance.

Vedantic Theme: anityatva (impermanence) and vairagya (dispassion) as catalysts for right understanding

Application: Use awareness of mortality to reduce attachment and redirect attention to dharma and remembrance of the Divine rather than panic or grief.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: descriptions of dying signs and the helplessness of relatives’ lament; Garuda Purana: teachings that remembrance/merit, not crying, aids the departing soul

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of death-omens (ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames certain bodily signs as indicators that death is near, encouraging realism and detachment rather than fruitless lamentation.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By emphasizing the futility of grief at the threshold of death, it supports the Garuda Purana’s broader teaching that the soul’s journey continues according to karma, beyond the failing body.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it to cultivate preparedness—focus on dharma, repentance, and supportive rites rather than panic when severe end-of-life signs appear.