Shloka 145

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

गोपीनां वल्लभश्चैव(९१०)पुण्यश्लोकश्च विश्रुतः / वृषाकपिर्यमो गुह्यो मकुलश्च बुधस्तथा

Transliteration

gopīnāṃ vallabhaścaiva(910)puṇyaślokaśca viśrutaḥ / vṛṣākapiryamo guhyo makulaśca budhastathā

Translation

Baginda juga termasyhur sebagai kekasih para gopī, dan terkenal sebagai Puṇyaśloka—Yang masyhur dengan kemuliaan suci. Baginda juga dikenali sebagai Vṛṣākapi, Yama, Guhya (Yang Rahsia), Makula, dan juga Budha.

Word by Word

• गोपीनाम्: of the cowherd women (gopīs)
• गोपीनाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Genitive plural

• वल्लभः: beloved
• वल्लभः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वल्लभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय; and

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारणार्थक; indeed

• पुण्यश्लोकः: one of holy fame
• पुण्यश्लोकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + श्लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (पुण्यः श्लोकः यस्य/पुण्यश्लोकः); Nominative singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय; and

• विश्रुतः: well-known; renowned
• विश्रुतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि+श्रु (धातु) → विश्रुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; past participle; Nominative singular

• वृषाकपिः: Vṛṣākapi (a name)
• वृषाकपिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष (प्रातिपदिक) + कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (वृषस्य कपिः/वृषाकपिः) पारम्परिक-नाम; Nominative singular

• यमः: Yama; restrainer
• यमः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• गुह्यः: secret; mysterious
• गुह्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुह्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• मकुलः: Makula (a name)
• मकुलः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय; and

• बुधः: Budha; the wise one
• बुधः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारवाचक; likewise

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra, listing divine epithets/names)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The same Supreme is both the intimate beloved of devotees and the hidden regulator of cosmic law (including Yama as dharma-niyantā).

Vedantic Theme: Saguna intimacy and nirguṇa/transcendent governance reconciled in one Īśvara; līlā and niyati as two faces of the same reality.

Application: Hold together tenderness and accountability: cultivate loving devotion while honoring ethical restraint and inner conscience (Yama as dharma within).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shringara

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: sacred_region

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15 (nāma-stuti; protective remembrance)

Characters & Entities

• Gopis
• Yama
• Budha

FAQs

What is the importance of divine names (nāma) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse illustrates the Purana’s practice of teaching multiple epithets of the Supreme—recitation and remembrance of such names is presented as spiritually meritorious (puṇya) and supportive of devotion and liberation-oriented living.

Why does the verse include names like Yama and Budha among divine epithets?

The text lists many titles to indicate the Lord’s all-encompassing sovereignty—He is praised as the inner ruler behind cosmic functions (including justice/time associated with Yama) and as wisdom/intelligence (budha).

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use the verse as a daily nāma-smaraṇa practice: reflect on each epithet (beloved, holy fame, hidden/inner, cosmic order) and align conduct with dharma—truthfulness, self-restraint, and devotion.