Shloka 139

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

उपस्थस्य नियन्ता च तदानन्दकरश्च ह / शत्रुघ्नः कार्तवीर्यश्च दत्तात्रेयस्तथैव च

Transliteration

upasthasya niyantā ca tadānandakaraśca ha / śatrughnaḥ kārtavīryaśca dattātreyastathaiva ca

Translation

Dia ialah pengekang nafsu syahwat dan pemberi sukacita yang wajar menurut dharma. Dan Dia juga dikenal sebagai Śatrughna, Kārtavīrya, serta Dattātreya.

Word by Word

• उपस्थस्य: of the loins/genital region
• उपस्थस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• नियन्ता: controller
• नियन्ता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नि-यम् (धातु) + तृ (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• तद्: of that
• तद्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; समासपूर्वपद (in compound)

• आनन्दकरः: giver of joy
• आनन्दकरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आनन्द (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु) → कर (कृत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (आनन्दं करोति = giver of joy)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• ह: indeed
• ह: Nipata (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; emphasis/metrical)

• शत्रुघ्नः: slayer of enemies
• शत्रुघ्नः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत्रु (प्रातिपदिक) + घ्न (प्रातिपदिक/कृत् from हन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शत्रूणां घ्नः = slayer of enemies)

• कार्तवीर्यः: Kārtavīrya (name)
• कार्तवीर्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्तवीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेष-नाम (proper name)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• दत्तात्रेयः: Dattātreya (name)
• दत्तात्रेयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दत्त (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्रेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः/सम्बन्धः (आत्रेयस्य दत्तः = Dattātreya, proper name)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: likewise)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Avadharana (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (particle)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Kāma is to be restrained and harmonized; joy is legitimate when aligned with dharma and inner governance.

Vedantic Theme: Indriya-nigraha as prerequisite for clarity; the Self is not bound by pleasure/pain when desire is regulated.

Application: Practice moderation (brahmacharya as appropriate to āśrama), avoid indulgence and repression; cultivate discernment so pleasure supports life and duty.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15 (name-litany style; antaryāmin/niyanta theme)

Characters & Entities

• Śatrughna
• Kārtavīrya
• Dattātreya

FAQs

What is the importance of self-control (upastha-niyama) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents the Divine as the restrainer of lust and the giver of rightful joy, implying that desire must be governed by dharma rather than indulged compulsively.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By emphasizing restraint and dharmic enjoyment, it points to ethical conduct as a foundation for a favorable post-death journey—since uncontrolled passions are treated as causes of bondage and suffering in the Purana’s moral framework.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Practice disciplined sexuality and desire-management—channel enjoyment through commitment, responsibility, and non-harm—so pleasure supports wellbeing rather than creating karmic distress.