Shloka 12

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

प्रधानं पृथिवीपद्मं पद्मनाभः (७०)प्रियप्रदः / सर्वेशः सर्वगः सर्वः सर्ववित्सर्वदः सुरः

Transliteration

pradhānaṃ pṛthivīpadmaṃ padmanābhaḥ (70)priyapradaḥ / sarveśaḥ sarvagaḥ sarvaḥ sarvavitsarvadaḥ suraḥ

Translation

Dialah Pradhāna, sumber asal yang mula; teratai bumi; dan Padmanābha, yang berpusat teratai, pemberi segala yang dikasihi. Dialah Tuhan segala-galanya, meliputi seluruhnya, Yang Menjadi Segala—Maha Mengetahui, Maha Pemberi, dan Yang Ilahi.

Word by Word

• प्रधानम्: Pradhāna; primordial matter
• प्रधानम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रधान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; नाम/विशेष्य (साङ्ख्य-तत्त्व)

• पृथिवीपद्मम्: the earth-lotus
• पृथिवीपद्मम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी + पद्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (पृथिवी-रूपं पद्मम्)

• पद्मनाभः: Padmanābha
• पद्मनाभः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद्म + नाभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पद्मस्य नाभः)

• प्रियप्रदः: giver of what is dear
• प्रियप्रदः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रिय + प्रद (दा धातु, प्र-उपसर्ग; कर्तरि-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (प्रियं प्रददाति)

• सर्वेशः: Lord of all
• सर्वेशः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सर्वेषाम् ईशः)

• सर्वगः: all-pervading
• सर्वगः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + ग (गम् धातु, कर्तरि-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सर्वत्र गच्छति/सर्वं गच्छति)

• सर्वः: all; entire
• सर्वः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• सर्ववित्: knower of all
• सर्ववित्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + विद् (विद् धातु, कर्तरि-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सर्वं वेत्ति); ‘वित्’ इति व्यञ्जनान्त-प्रातिपदिक

• सर्वदः: giver of all
• सर्वदः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + द (दा धातु, कर्तरि-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सर्वं ददाति)

• सुरः: deity; divine one
• सुरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Īśvara as Pradhāna (primordial ground) and as all-pervading Lord who knows and gives all; divine governance of creation and fruits.

Vedantic Theme: Sarva-vyāptitva (all-pervasion) and sarvajñatva (omniscience) of Īśvara; world as dependent reality grounded in the Supreme.

Application: Offer actions and their results to the all-pervading Lord; practice generosity (dāna) mirroring ‘sarvadā’ while maintaining humility before the cosmic order.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: cosmic-terrestrial symbol

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15 (names emphasizing cosmic causality and omnipresence)

Characters & Entities

• Padmanabha (Vishnu)

FAQs

What is the importance of praising Vishnu with such epithets in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents Viṣṇu as the primordial source, omniscient sustainer, and universal Lord—framing devotion as a direct contemplation of the Supreme who both knows and grants all.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By identifying the Supreme as all-pervading and the giver of all, it implies that refuge in Viṣṇu—through remembrance and devotion—is a stabilizing spiritual orientation underlying liberation-oriented practice.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use the verse as a daily remembrance: reflect that the Divine pervades all and is the source of all gifts; let this guide ethical living, gratitude, and steady devotion.