Shloka 7

Kāsa-bheda: The Fivefold Classification of Cough and Its Clinical Signs

Devanagari script

पित्तात्पीताक्षिकत्वं च तिक्तास्यत्वं ज्वरो भ्रमः / पित्तासृग्वमनं तृष्णा वैस्वर्यं धूमको मदः

Transliteration

pittātpītākṣikatvaṃ ca tiktāsyatvaṃ jvaro bhramaḥ / pittāsṛgvamanaṃ tṛṣṇā vaisvaryaṃ dhūmako madaḥ

Translation

Daripada pitta yang memuncak timbul mata menguning, mulut terasa pahit, demam dan pening; juga muntah hempedu dan darah, dahaga yang kuat, suara serak, rasa seolah-olah berasap di hadapan mata, serta khayal seperti mabuk.

Word by Word

• pittāt: from bile
• pittāt: Apādāna (Cause/Ablative/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थ (from/owing to bile)

• pīta-akṣi-katvam: yellowness of the eyes
• pīta-akṣi-katvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pīta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + akṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + -tva (तद्धित)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (पीतानि अक्षिणी यस्य तत्-भावः)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• tikta-āsya-katvam: bitterness in the mouth
• tikta-āsya-katvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tikta (प्रातिपदिक) + āsya (प्रातिपदिक) + -tva (तद्धित)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (तिक्तम् आस्यम् यस्य तत्-भावः)

• jvaraḥ: fever
• jvaraḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• bhramaḥ: dizziness
• bhramaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• pitta-asṛk-vamanam: vomiting of bile and blood
• pitta-asṛk-vamanam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitta (प्रातिपदिक) + asṛk (प्रातिपदिक) + vamana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (पित्तस्य असृजः च वमनम्)

• tṛṣṇā: thirst
• tṛṣṇā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tṛṣṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• vai-svaryam: hoarseness
• vai-svaryam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vi- (उपसर्ग) + svara (प्रातिपदिक) + -ya (तद्धित)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; भाववाचक (hoarseness/voice-disorder)

• dhūmakaḥ: smoky sensation/blackout (dhūmaka)
• dhūmakaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhūmaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• madaḥ: intoxication / delirium
• madaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Pitta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Doṣa theory: pitta aggravation manifests as heat, yellow discoloration, bitterness, fever, thirst, and bilious/bloody emesis with sensory haze.

Vedantic Theme: Sākṣitva (witnessing) amid intense bodily upheaval; recognition that mind-states can be doṣa-influenced.

Application: Identify pitta-aggravation signs (yellow eyes, bitter mouth, fever, thirst, bilious/bloody vomiting, smoky vision, delirium) and cool/seek medical care promptly; avoid heat-provoking diet and stress.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.149.8 (kapha features contrasted)

FAQs

What is the importance of pitta (bile) in Garuda Purana?

This verse lists the characteristic signs of pitta aggravation, showing that the text also preserves practical diagnostics of bodily imbalance alongside its spiritual teachings.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not directly describe the soul’s journey; instead, it focuses on bodily symptoms, reflecting the Garuda Purana’s broader scope that includes guidance on health and embodied suffering.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a traditional symptom checklist for heat/bile-type imbalance (e.g., bitter taste, thirst, yellowing, fever) and seek appropriate Ayurvedic or medical guidance rather than ignoring warning signs.