Shloka 54

Chandravamsa and Yadu Lineage: From Soma to the Vrishnis, Krishna’s Family, and the Transition to Puru

Devanagari script

राजाधिदेवो शूराच्च पृथां कुन्तेः सुतामदात् / सा दत्ता कुन्तिना पाण्डोस्तस्यां धर्मानिलेन्द्रकैः

Transliteration

rājādhidevo śūrācca pṛthāṃ kunteḥ sutāmadāt / sā dattā kuntinā pāṇḍostasyāṃ dharmānilendrakaiḥ

Translation

Raja Adhideva menerima Pṛthā (Kuntī), puteri Śūra, lalu mengahwinkannya. Kemudian Kuntī diserahkan kepada Pāṇḍu; dan melalui dirinya, dengan anugerah Dewa Dharma, Dewa Vāyu dan Dewa Indra, lahirlah para putera.

Word by Word

• राजाधिदेवः: the overlord (Rājādhideva)
• राजाधिदेवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजा (प्रातिपदिक) + अधिदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (राज्ञः अधिदेवः = kings' overlord-deity)

• शूरात्: from Śūra
• शूरात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पृथाम्: Pṛthā
• पृथाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• कुन्तेः: of Kuntī
• कुन्तेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुन्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• सुताम्: daughter
• सुताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• अदात्: gave
• अदात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: लुङ् (Aorist), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• दत्ता: (was) given
• दत्ता: Kriya (क्रिया/participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) → दत्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कुन्तिना: by Kuntī
• कुन्तिना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुन्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• पाण्डोः: of Pāṇḍu
• पाण्डोः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• तस्याम्: in/through her
• तस्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• धर्मानिलेन्द्रकैः: by Dharma, Vāyu, and Indra
• धर्मानिलेन्द्रकैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + अनिल (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (धर्मः + अनिलः + इन्द्रकः)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Dharma is sustained through ordained lineage; divine agencies operate through human institutions like marriage.

Vedantic Theme: Ishvara-anugraha within vyavahara (worldly order)

Application: See family duties and social rites (vivaha, kula-dharma) as supports for ethical life; honor lineage narratives as moral exemplars.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: kingdom/court

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.139 (genealogical section continuing Pandava-Kaurava context)

Characters & Entities

• Adhideva
• Shura
• Pritha (Kunti)
• Pandu
• Dharma (Yama)
• Vayu (Anila)
• Indra

FAQs

What is the importance of this genealogy detail in the Garuda Purana?

This verse anchors the Mahābhārata lineage within Purāṇic narration, identifying Kuntī’s marital transfer to Pāṇḍu and the divine agencies (Dharma, Vāyu, Indra) connected with the birth of key heirs.

How does this verse relate to Dharma in the Garuda Purana context?

Here “Dharma” is the deity (often identified with Yama/Dharmarāja), named as an agent in begetting a son through Kuntī, reinforcing Dharma’s divine role beyond judgment—also as a cosmic principle and personified power.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

It highlights responsibility in lineage and conduct: social duties (marriage, guardianship) and spiritual ideals (dharma) are portrayed as shaping outcomes—encouraging ethical living and reverence for righteous order.