Shloka 2

Ekādaśī-Vrata Nirṇaya: Avoiding Daśamī-Viddha and Establishing Trimīśrā

Devanagari script

दशम्येकादशीमिश्रा गान्धार्या समुपोषिता / तस्याः पुत्रशतं नष्टं तस्मात्तां परिवर्जयेत्

Transliteration

daśamyekādaśīmiśrā gāndhāryā samupoṣitā / tasyāḥ putraśataṃ naṣṭaṃ tasmāttāṃ parivarjayet

Translation

Puasa yang mencampurkan tithi Daśamī (hari ke-10) dengan Ekādaśī (hari ke-11) pernah diamalkan oleh Gāndhārī; akibatnya seratus orang puteranya binasa. Oleh itu, hendaklah seseorang menjauhi puasa campuran itu.

Word by Word

• दशमी-एकादशी-मिश्रा: mixed with the tenth and the eleventh (tithi)
• दशमी-एकादशी-मिश्रा: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशमी (प्रातिपदिक) + एकादशी (प्रातिपदिक) + मिश्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—दशमी-एकादशी इति तिथिद्वयेन मिश्रिता (विशेषण)

• गान्धार्या: by Gāndhārī
• गान्धार्या: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गान्धारी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• समुपोषिता: was duly fasted/observed (as a fast)
• समुपोषिता: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उपवस् (धातु) + सम्-उप (उपसर्ग) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः—‘समुपोषिता’ = ‘सम्यक् उपोषिता’

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• पुत्र-शतम्: a hundred sons
• पुत्र-शतम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + शत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘पुत्राणां शतम्’

• नष्टम्: was destroyed/perished
• नष्टम्: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘पुत्रशतम्’ इत्यस्य विधेयम्

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (निपात/हेतु-अर्थे) — ‘therefore/from that reason’

• ताम्: that (tithi/observance)
• ताम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• परिवर्जयेत्: one should avoid
• परिवर्जयेत्: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृज्/वर्ज् (धातु) + परि (उपसर्ग)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in dialogue instruction to Garuḍa/Vinatā-putra, traditional frame of the Garuḍa Purāṇa)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vrata must follow correct tithi-boundary rules; mixing Daśamī with Ekādaśī is inauspicious and yields harmful karma-phala.

Vedantic Theme: Ṛta/dharma as cosmic order expressed through time (kāla) and tithi; negligence in dharma obscures sattva and invites duḥkha.

Application: When Ekādaśī is ‘viddhā’ by Daśamī, do not observe that mixed fast; consult pañcāṅga/tithi at sunrise and follow established Ekādaśī-vidhi.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: royal city/court

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.125.3-6 (Ekādaśī viddhā rules; Trimiśrā acceptance)

Characters & Entities

• Gāndhārī
• Ekādaśī
• Daśamī

FAQs

What is the importance of tithi purity (correct lunar day) for Ekādaśī in the Garuḍa Purāṇa?

This verse warns that mixing Daśamī with Ekādaśī in a single observance is considered a defective fast (vrata-doṣa) and should be avoided, underscoring the need to follow the proper tithi.

How does this verse explain karmic consequences related to ritual mistakes?

By citing Gāndhārī’s story—where an improper mixed fast is linked with grievous loss—the text emphasizes that incorrect observance can produce adverse results, so discipline in dharmic practice matters.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When keeping Ekādaśī, verify the correct tithi (often via a reliable pañcāṅga) and follow established vrata guidelines rather than combining days casually.