Shloka 15

Śivarātri Vrata: Timing, Accidental Merit, and the Complete Night-Vigil Procedure

Devanagari script

तिलतण्डुलव्रीहींश्च जुहुयात्सघृतं चरुम् / हुत्वा पूर्णाहुतिं दत्त्वा शृणुयाद्गीतसत्कथाम्

Transliteration

tilataṇḍulavrīhīṃśca juhuyātsaghṛtaṃ carum / hutvā pūrṇāhutiṃ dattvā śṛṇuyādgītasatkathām

Translation

Hendaklah seseorang mempersembahkan ke dalam api suci biji bijan, butir beras, dan padi tidak dikupas (vṛīhi), bersama ghee serta persembahan masak (caru). Setelah melakukan persembahan dan memberikan pūrṇāhuti, persembahan penutup yang sempurna, hendaklah ia mendengar kidung pujian yang dinyanyikan serta kisah-kisah suci yang mulia.

Word by Word

• तिलतण्डुलव्रीहींस्: sesame, rice-grains, and rice (vrīhi)
• तिलतण्डुलव्रीहींस्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल + तण्डुल + व्रीहि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्व/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (contextual)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• जुहुयात्: should offer (into fire)
• जुहुयात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हु (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सघृतम्: with ghee / ghee-mixed
• सघृतम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + घृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः ‘सघृतम्’ = घृतेन सह/घृतयुक्तम् (with ghee)

• चरुम्: (sacrificial) porridge/oblation
• चरुम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• हुत्वा: having offered
• हुत्वा: Purvakala (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘having offered’

• पूर्णाहुतिम्: the full oblation
• पूर्णाहुतिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्ण + आहुति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘पूर्णा आहुतिः’

• दत्त्वा: having given
• दत्त्वा: Purvakala (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘having given’

• शृणुयात्: should listen
• शृणुयात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• गीतसत्कथाम्: sung sacred discourse/story
• गीतसत्कथाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गीत + सत् + कथा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष-समासः (contextual): ‘गीताः सत्कथाः’/‘गीतस्य सत्कथा’ = sacred stories (that are sung)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa/Vinatā-putra, within the Garuḍa Purāṇa dialogue frame)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Yajña is completed not only by oblations but by pūrṇāhuti and subsequent śravaṇa of sacred discourse, integrating karma (rite) with sattvic cultivation.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-yoga as purification (citta-śuddhi) preparing for higher knowledge/bhakti; śabda as a sanctifying medium.

Application: Perform rites with proper sequence (homa → pūrṇāhuti → śravaṇa); include devotional listening/recitation after worship to stabilize the mind and seal the rite.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual space (agniśālā/gṛha-yajña)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta/Śrāddha sections): emphasis on tilā and ghee in rites; completion by pūrṇāhuti; śravaṇa of dharma-kathā as merit-generating act

FAQs

What is the importance of pūrṇāhuti in Garuda Purana rituals?

This verse places pūrṇāhuti as the concluding act that completes the fire-offering sequence, marking ritual closure before turning to auspicious listening (gīta and satkathā).

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana death rituals and śrāddha?

The verse outlines a śrāddha-style homa using tila, rice, and ghee with caru, followed by auspicious recitation/listening—an element commonly emphasized in post-rite sanctification and merit (puṇya) generation.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

After completing a rite (especially ancestral observances), conclude properly (a clear final offering/prayer) and then engage in uplifting sacred listening or recitation to orient the mind toward sattva and dharmic remembrance.