Shloka 15

Vyāsāṅga Trayodaśī: Month-by-Month Śiva Worship, Dantadhāvana Observances, and Udyāpana

Devanagari script

गां द्विजं भोजयेद्भक्त्या कृतकृत्यो भवेन्नरः / एतदुद्यापनं सर्वं व्रतेषु ध्येपमीदृशम् / फलञ्च श्रीसुतारोग्यसौभाग्यस्वर्गतं भवेत्

Transliteration

gāṃ dvijaṃ bhojayedbhaktyā kṛtakṛtyo bhavennaraḥ / etadudyāpanaṃ sarvaṃ vrateṣu dhyepamīdṛśam / phalañca śrīsutārogyasaubhāgyasvargataṃ bhavet

Translation

Jika seorang lelaki dengan bhakti memberi makan seekor lembu dan seorang dvija (brāhmaṇa), maka dia menjadi insan yang telah menunaikan kewajipan. Upacara penutup nazar (udyāpana) seperti ini hendaklah direnungkan dan diterapkan bagi semua vrata dengan cara yang sama. Buahnya ialah kemakmuran, zuriat yang baik, kesihatan, tuah, dan mencapai syurga.

Word by Word

• gām: a cow
• gām: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: go (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन

• dvijam: a Brahmin
• dvijam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन

• bhojayet: should feed
• bhojayet: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhuj (भुज् धातु, causative भोजयति)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; causative: ‘should feed’

• bhaktyā: with devotion
• bhaktyā: Karana (Instrument/Means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन

• kṛta-kṛtyaḥ: having fulfilled his duty
• kṛta-kṛtyaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + kṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (कृतं कृत्यं यस्य = one whose duty is done)

• bhavet: would become
• bhavet: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• naraḥ: a man
• naraḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• etat: this
• etat: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• udyāpanam: concluding rite (udyāpana)
• udyāpanam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: udyāpana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• sarvam: all/entire
• sarvam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• vrateṣu: in vows/observances
• vrateṣu: Adhikarana (Location/Context/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vrata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), बहुवचन

• dhyeyam: to be meditated upon
• dhyeyam: Vidhi (Injunction/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dhyai (ध्यै धातु)
• Form: क्तव्य/यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; ‘to be contemplated/meditated upon’

• īdṛśam: of this kind
• īdṛśam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: īdṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• phalam: the result
• phalam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• śrī-sutā-ārogya-saubhāgya-svargatam: consisting of prosperity, offspring, health, good fortune, and heaven
• śrī-sutā-ārogya-saubhāgya-svargatam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrī (प्रातिपदिक) + sutā (प्रातिपदिक) + ārogya (प्रातिपदिक) + saubhāgya (प्रातिपदिक) + svarga-ta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्व (prosperity, sons, health, good fortune, and heaven-attainment)

• bhavet: would be
• bhavet: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa/Vainateya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Udyāpana (concluding rite) through feeding cow and brāhmaṇa perfects vrata and yields specified fruits (prosperity, progeny, health, fortune, svarga).

Vedantic Theme: Karma-phala doctrine: intentional, dharmic acts bear results; also chitta-shuddhi through seva and dana supporting higher aims.

Application: Conclude commitments with gratitude and giving: feed/serve dependents and worthy recipients; treat completion as ethical closure, not mere checkbox.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: household/ashrama feeding space (bhojana-shala)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.117.13-14 (homa, jagara, dana as components of udyapana); Garuda Purana 1.118.1 (vrata framed as liberation-supporting)

Characters & Entities

• Viṣṇu
• Garuḍa
• Dvija (Brahmin)
• Go (cow)

FAQs

What is the importance of udyāpana (concluding rites) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames udyāpana as the proper completion of a vrata: feeding a cow and a Brahmin with devotion marks the vow as truly fulfilled and yields auspicious results.

How does this verse relate to the Garuda Purana’s broader teaching on dharma and merit?

It emphasizes puṇya through bhakti-driven charity (dāna) and hospitality—core dharmic acts that the text repeatedly presents as generating auspicious outcomes such as well-being and higher realms.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Complete spiritual commitments with gratitude and giving—support ethical service (go-sevā) and respectful feeding/charity to learned or needy persons, done sincerely rather than as mere formality.