Shloka 58

Sat-saṅga, Dharma-Nīti, Karma-Phala, Śauca, and Vairāgya

Overcoming Grief

Devanagari script

रागद्वेषादियुक्तानां न सुखं कुत्रचिद्द्विज / विचार्य खलु पश्यामि तत्सुखं यत्र निर्वृतिः

Transliteration

rāgadveṣādiyuktānāṃ na sukhaṃ kutraciddvija / vicārya khalu paśyāmi tatsukhaṃ yatra nirvṛtiḥ

Translation

Wahai yang dua kali lahir, bagi mereka yang terikat oleh nafsu melekat dan kebencian (dan seumpamanya), tiada kebahagiaan di mana-mana. Setelah direnungi, aku melihat dengan jelas: kebahagiaan sejati hanya ada di tempat nirvṛti—ketenangan batin dan pelepasan yang tenteram.

Word by Word

• राग: attachment; passion
• राग: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, समासपूर्वपद (compound member)

• द्वेष: hatred
• द्वेष: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, समासपूर्वपद (compound member)

• आदि: and so on
• आदि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Qualifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable) अर्थः 'etc./and the like'; समासाङ्ग

• युक्तानाम्: of those who are endowed (with)
• युक्तानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √युज् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय/Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन; अर्थः 'endowed/connected'

• रागद्वेषादियुक्तानाम्: of those possessed of attachment, hatred, etc.
• रागद्वेषादियुक्तानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: राग (प्रातिपदिक) + द्वेष (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (अव्यय) + युक्त (क्त-कृदन्त from √युज्)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (instrumental/associative sense: 'endowed with rāga-dveṣa etc.'); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात

• सुखम्: happiness
• सुखम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन

• कुत्रचित्: anywhere
• कुत्रचित्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कुत्रचित् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb), अर्थः 'anywhere/at any place'

• द्विज: O twice-born (brahmin)
• द्विज: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• विचार्य: having reflected
• विचार्य: Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + √चर् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्यय; अर्थः 'having considered'

• खलु: indeed
• खलु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: खलु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• पश्यामि: I see
• पश्यामि: Kriya (क्रिया/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पश् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन

• तत्: that
• तत्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासपूर्वपद (compound member), नपुंसकलिङ्ग-एकवचन-प्रथमा/द्वितीया रूपसामान्य

• सुखम्: happiness
• सुखम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तत्सुखम्: that happiness
• तत्सुखम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of 'paśyāmi')
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (appositional: 'that happiness'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (relative adverb), अर्थः 'where'

• निर्वृतिः: cessation; contentment; peace
• निर्वृतिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; 'nirvṛtiḥ' as defining condition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्वृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (addressing Garuda/Vinata-putra as 'dvija')

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Raga-dvesha obstruct sukha; true sukha is nirvriti—inner quiescence born of dispassion and clarity.

Vedantic Theme: Vairagya and shama (mind-rest) as gateways to moksha; sukha as svarupa-anubhava when agitation ceases.

Application: Reduce compulsive likes/dislikes through mindfulness, ethical restraint, and contemplation; cultivate contentment (santosha) and equanimity in gain/loss.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.113.59 (sneha as root of fear and sorrow); Garuda Purana 1.113.61 (self-mastery as sukha)

FAQs

What is the importance of overcoming rāga-dveṣa in the Garuda Purana?

This verse states that as long as one is driven by attachment and aversion, lasting happiness is impossible; freedom from these impulses is presented as the doorway to real peace (nirvṛti).

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By pointing to nirvṛti as the location of true happiness, it implies that the soul’s well-being depends less on external conditions and more on purification of inner tendencies that bind it to repeated suffering.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Notice recurring likes/dislikes that disturb the mind, practice restraint and reflection, and cultivate equanimity—reducing reactive desire and hatred to stabilize peace in daily life.