Shloka 10

Nīti for Calamity, Wealth, Friendship, Charity, and Restraint of Kāma

Devanagari script

लुब्धमर्थप्रदानेन श्लाध्यमञ्जलिकर्मणा / मूर्खं छन्दानुवृत्त्या च याथातथ्येन पण्डितम्

Transliteration

lubdhamarthapradānena ślādhyamañjalikarmaṇā / mūrkhaṃ chandānuvṛttyā ca yāthātathyena paṇḍitam

Translation

Tundukkan orang tamak dengan pemberian harta; orang yang dahagakan pujian dengan perbuatan salam sembah yang penuh hormat. Orang bodoh ditawan dengan menuruti kehendaknya; dan orang pandai dengan berkata benar sebagaimana adanya.

Word by Word

• lubdham: a greedy person
• lubdham: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lubdha (कृदन्त, √lubh लुभ्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) ‘लुब्ध’ = लोभी (as object of implied yojayet)

• artha-pradānena: by giving wealth
• artha-pradānena: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: artha (प्रातिपदिक) + pradāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (अर्थस्य प्रदानम्)

• ślādhyam: a praiseworthy person
• ślādhyam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ślādhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘श्लाध्य’ = प्रशंसनीय (as object of implied yojayet)

• añjali-karmaṇā: by the act of salutation (folded hands)
• añjali-karmaṇā: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: añjali (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुष (अञ्जलिरूपं कर्म)

• mūrkham: a fool
• mūrkham: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūrkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• chanda-anuvṛttyā: by complying with his wishes
• chanda-anuvṛttyā: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: chandas (प्रातिपदिक) + anuvṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुष (छन्दस्य अनुवृत्तिः)

• ca: and
• ca: Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• yāthā-tathyena: by stating facts as they are
• yāthā-tathyena: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yāthātathya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव (यथा + तथ्यम्) = ‘यथातथ्य’ (as-it-is)

• paṇḍitam: a learned person
• paṇḍitam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paṇḍita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Different dispositions are influenced by different means; the learned are best approached through yathātathya—plain truth.

Vedantic Theme: Satya as a purifier and a marker of sattva; recognition of guṇa-based psychology in social conduct.

Application: Use appropriate communication: incentives for the greedy, respectful gestures for the status-seeker, patient accommodation for the immature, and straightforward truth for the discerning.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (nīti/dharma passages): guidance on speech, conduct, and dealing with people of varied natures (general parallel themes)

FAQs

What is the importance of truthfulness (yāthātathya) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights that the learned are best approached through factual, truthful speech—truth is presented as the proper means of engaging wisdom.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in the Garuda Purana?

It does not directly describe the soul’s journey; instead, it teaches practical dharmic conduct—ethical interaction and right speech—which supports righteous living emphasized throughout the text.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Adapt your approach to the person: use generosity for the greedy, respectful manners for the status-seeker, avoid needless friction with the foolish, and speak plainly and truthfully with the wise.