Shloka 28

Maṅgalācaraṇa, the Sages’ Inquiry, and Hari as Supreme with an Avatāra-Outline

अवतारे षोडशमे पश्यन्ब्रह्मद्रुहो नृपान् / त्रिः सप्तकृत्वः कुपितो निः क्षत्त्रामकरोन्महीम्

avatāre ṣoḍaśame paśyanbrahmadruho nṛpān / triḥ saptakṛtvaḥ kupito niḥ kṣattrāmakaronmahīm

Dalam penjelmaan keenam belas, melihat raja-raja yang memusuhi para Brahmana, Baginda murka dan sebanyak dua puluh satu kali menjadikan bumi ini tanpa golongan Kṣatriya, para pemerintah-ksatria.

avatārein the incarnation
avatāre:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootavatāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन
ṣoḍaśamein the sixteenth
ṣoḍaśame:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootṣoḍaśama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (avatāre)
paśyanseeing
paśyan:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootdṛś (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक
brahmadruhaḥthose who harm Brahmins
brahmadruhaḥ:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootbrahman + druh (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (brahmadruhaḥ as acc. pl.); विशेषण (nṛpān)
nṛpānkings
nṛpān:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
triḥthrice
triḥ:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottriḥ (अव्यय)
Formसंख्यावाचक-अव्यय (adverb of frequency)
saptakṛtvaḥseven times
saptakṛtvaḥ:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsapta + kṛtvas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formआवृत्तिवाचक-अव्यय (frequency adverb)
kupitaḥangered
kupitaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkupita (कृदन्त; kup धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (paśyan)
niḥout, away
niḥ:
Upasarga/Modifier (उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootniḥ (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (prefix-like particle; here with kṣattrām)
kṣattrāmthe Kshatriya order
kṣattrām:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘क्षत्रम्’ (warrior class)
akarotmade, rendered
akarot:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
Formलुङ्-लकार (अद्यतनभूत/Aorist), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
mahīmthe earth
mahīm:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmahī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Lord Vishnu (narration describing an avatara, commonly understood as Parashurama)

Concept: When rulers persecute spiritual order and justice, divine force restores balance—even through severe measures.

Vedantic Theme: Daṇḍa as an aspect of īśvara’s governance; preservation of dharma as cosmic necessity.

Application: Power must be accountable; protect institutions of learning and ethics; oppose systemic violence and corruption.

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: vira

Type: continent/kingdoms

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.1 (Paraśurāma avatāra)

B
Brahmins
K
Kings (Kshatriyas)
E
Earth (Mahī)

FAQs

This verse frames hostility toward Brahmins and the dharmic order as a grave social-spiritual breach that can provoke divine intervention to restore balance.

Indirectly: it establishes dharma as the governing principle of cosmic order—later afterlife sections build on this by describing how actions against dharma lead to consequences after death.

Uphold dharma by respecting learning, ethics, and spiritual discipline; avoid abuse of power and actions that harm protectors of knowledge and righteousness.