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Shloka 7

Ṛṣabhadeva Instructs His Sons: Tapasya, Mahātmā-Sevā, and Cutting the Heart-Knot

यदा न पश्यत्ययथा गुणेहां स्वार्थे प्रमत्त: सहसा विपश्चित् । गतस्मृतिर्विन्दति तत्र तापा- नासाद्य मैथुन्यमगारमज्ञ: ॥ ७ ॥

yadā na paśyaty ayathā guṇehāṁ svārthe pramattaḥ sahasā vipaścit gata-smṛtir vindati tatra tāpān āsādya maithunyam agāram ajñaḥ

Walaupun berilmu, jika tidak melihat permainan guṇa ini sebagaimana adanya dan mabuk oleh kepentingan diri, dia lupa tujuan sejati; lalu berpaut pada rumah yang berasaskan hubungan seksual dan hanya meraih pelbagai derita.

यदाwhen
यदा:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, कालवाचक (when)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय
पश्यतिsees
पश्यति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपश् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
अयथाwrongly
अयथा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअयथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकारवाचक (improperly/not as it is)
गुणेहाम्striving for sense-qualities
गुणेहाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगुण + ईहा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (गुणेषु ईहा/गुणानां ईहा), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
स्वार्थेin one’s own interest
स्वार्थे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
प्रमत्तःbewildered/careless
प्रमत्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र + मद् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; जनस्य/विपश्चितः विशेषणम्
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, आकस्मिकत्ववाचक क्रियाविशेषण (suddenly)
विपश्चित्the discerning person
विपश्चित्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविपश्चित् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
गतस्मृतिःhaving lost memory
गतस्मृतिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootगत + स्मृति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (गता स्मृतिः यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विपश्चितः विशेषणम्
विन्दतिfinds/experiences
विन्दति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, देशवाचक (there/in that situation)
तापान्distresses
तापान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootताप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
आसाद्यhaving attained
आसाद्य:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ + सद् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययीभाव (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having attained)
मैथुन्यम्sexual union
मैथुन्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमैथुन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
अगारम्house/home
अगारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअगार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
अज्ञःan ignorant person
अज्ञः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्तृपद

In the lowest stage of devotional life, one is not an unalloyed devotee. Anyābhilāṣitā-śūnyaṁ jñāna-karmādy-anāvṛtam: to be an unalloyed devotee, one must be freed from all material desires and untouched by fruitive activity and speculative knowledge. On the lower platform, one may sometimes be interested in philosophical speculation with a tinge of devotion. However, at that stage one is still interested in sense gratification and is contaminated by the modes of material nature. The influence of māyā is so strong that even a person advanced in knowledge actually forgets that he is Kṛṣṇa’s eternal servant. Therefore he remains satisfied in his householder life, which is centered around sexual intercourse. Conceding to a life of sex, he agrees to suffer all kinds of material miseries. Due to ignorance, one is thus bound by the chain of material laws.

Ṛṣabhadeva

FAQs

This verse explains that when intelligence is overwhelmed by selfish, mode-driven desires, one loses clear vision and memory, enters a life centered on sexual enjoyment, and consequently suffers many miseries.

He is cautioning his sons that when home life is built primarily on sense pleasure rather than dharma and devotion, it binds the soul, clouds discrimination, and produces repeated distress.

Regularly check whether decisions are driven by selfish pleasure; strengthen memory of spiritual goals through sādhana (hearing, chanting, association), and keep relationships guided by responsibility, restraint, and devotion rather than impulse.