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Shloka 15

Śālva Attacks Dvārakā; Pradyumna Leads the Defense

Saubha-vimāna and Māyā-yuddha

सात्यकिश्चारुदेष्णश्च साम्बोऽक्रूर: सहानुज: । हार्दिक्यो भानुविन्दश्च गदश्च शुकसारणौ ॥ १४ ॥ अपरे च महेष्वासा रथयूथपयूथपा: । निर्ययुर्दंशिता गुप्ता रथेभाश्वपदातिभि: ॥ १५ ॥

sātyakiś cārudeṣṇaś ca sāmbo ’krūraḥ sahānujaḥ hārdikyo bhānuvindaś ca gadaś ca śuka-sāraṇau

Para panglima utama pahlawan kereta—Sātyaki, Cārudeṣṇa, Sāmba, Akrūra bersama adik-adiknya, serta Hārdikya, Bhānuvinda, Gada, Śuka dan Sāraṇa—dan ramai lagi pemanah unggul, ketua-ketua pasukan kereta, semuanya berzirah lalu keluar dari kota, dilindungi pasukan kereta, gajah, kuda dan infantri.

apareothers
apare:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootapara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘others’
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
mahā-iṣvāsāḥgreat archers
mahā-iṣvāsāḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + iṣvāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); कर्मधारय: ‘mahāḥ iṣvāsāḥ’ (great bowmen)
ratha-yūthapa-yūthapāḥleaders of chariot-squadrons
ratha-yūthapa-yūthapāḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootratha + yūthapa + yūthapa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); nested तत्पुरुष: ‘rathānāṃ yūthapāḥ’ and ‘yūthapānāṃ yūthapāḥ’ = leaders of leaders of chariot-troops
niryayuḥwent out, sallied forth
niryayuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnir-√yā (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
daṁśitāḥarmed, equipped
daṁśitāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaṁśita (प्रातिपदिक; from √daṁś/daś ‘to arm/adorn’)
FormPast participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with apare
guptāḥprotected, guarded
guptāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgupta (प्रातिपदिक; from √gup ‘to protect’)
FormPast participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with apare
rathaiḥwith chariots
rathaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
aśva-pādātibhiḥwith cavalry and infantry
aśva-pādātibhiḥ:
Karaṇa/Sahakārī (करण/सहकारी)
TypeNoun
Rootaśva + pādāti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); द्वन्द्व (itaretara): aśvāḥ ca pādātayaḥ ca
S
Sātyaki
C
Cārudeṣṇa
S
Sāmba
A
Akrūra
H
Hārdikya
B
Bhānuvinda
G
Gada
Ś
Śuka
S
Sāraṇa

FAQs

This verse lists prominent Yadu heroes—Sātyaki, Cārudeṣṇa, Sāmba, Akrūra (with his younger brothers), Hārdikya, Bhānuvinda, Gada, Śuka, and Sāraṇa—present in the unfolding conflict.

He is describing the assembled defenders of the Yadu dynasty, emphasizing the scale of support and the readiness of Kṛṣṇa’s associates during the battle narrative.

They highlight the value of devoted association and coordinated service—spiritual life strengthens when one stands with sincere companions in protecting dharma and supporting the Lord’s purpose.