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Shloka 42

Gopī-Vipralambha: The Search for Kṛṣṇa and the Revelation of Divine Footprints

ततोऽविशन्वनं चन्द्रज्योत्स्‍ना यावद् विभाव्यते । तम: प्रविष्टमालक्ष्य ततो निववृतु: स्त्रिय: ॥ ४२ ॥

tato ’viśan vanaṁ candra jyotsnā yāvad vibhāvyate tamaḥ praviṣṭam ālakṣya tato nivavṛtuḥ striyaḥ

Kemudian para gopī masuk ke dalam hutan mencari Kṛṣṇa sejauh cahaya bulan masih kelihatan; tetapi apabila melihat kegelapan menyelubungi, mereka pun berpatah balik.

ततःthen
ततः:
Desha/Kala-adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: then/from there)
अविशन्they entered
अविशन्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootविश् (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतन-भूत/Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
वनम्the forest
वनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
चन्द्रmoon
चन्द्र:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootचन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (ज्योत्स्ना-विशेषणार्थे प्रयुक्तम्)
ज्योत्स्नाmoonlight
ज्योत्स्ना:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootज्योत्स्ना (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
यावत्as long as / until
यावत्:
Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत् (अव्यय)
Formपरिमाण/अवधि-अव्यय (until/as long as)
विभाव्यतेis visible/appears
विभाव्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभा (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान/Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive: is perceived/appears)
तमःdarkness
तमः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र द्वितीया (प्रविष्टम् इति विशेष्य)
प्रविष्टम्having entered / having set in
प्रविष्टम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रविष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; विश् धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP); विशेषण (तमः)
आलक्ष्यhaving noticed
आलक्ष्य:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ + लक्ष् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive)
ततःthen
ततः:
Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: then)
निववृतुःthey turned back
निववृतुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्ष/Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; नि-उपसर्ग (turned back/withdrew)
स्त्रियःthe women
स्त्रियः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

The gopīs entered a part of the forest so dense that even the light of the full moon couldn’t penetrate it. This scene is also described in the Viṣṇu Purāṇa:

G
Gopīs

FAQs

In this verse, the gopīs go into the forest only as far as the moonlight allows, but when dense darkness sets in they turn back—showing both their intense longing for Kṛṣṇa and the practical limits of the night journey.

Śukadeva explains that they perceived the forest had become covered in darkness; unable to proceed safely or see the path, they desisted and returned from that point.

When spiritual longing arises but circumstances limit outward action, one can “turn inward” like the gopīs—continuing remembrance, prayer, and kīrtana, letting separation deepen sincerity rather than diminish devotion.