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Shloka 16

Govardhana-pūjā: Kṛṣṇa Redirects Indra-yajña to Worship of Govardhana, Cows, and Brāhmaṇas

स्वभावतन्त्रो हि जन: स्वभावमनुवर्तते । स्वभावस्थमिदं सर्वं सदेवासुरमानुषम् ॥ १६ ॥

svabhāva-tantro hi janaḥ svabhāvam anuvartate svabhāva-stham idaṁ sarvaṁ sa-devāsura-mānuṣam

Setiap insan berada di bawah kendali sifatnya sendiri, maka dia mengikuti sifat itu. Seluruh alam semesta—dewa, asura dan manusia—berdiri di atas sifat terkondisi makhluk hidup.

svabhāva-tantraḥnature-controlled
svabhāva-tantraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvabhāva+tantra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular); 'dependent on/controlled by nature'
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (emphasis/causal)
janaḥa person/people
janaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
svabhāvam(one’s) nature
svabhāvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsvabhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)
anuvartatefollows
anuvartate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvṛt (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (Singular), Ātmanepada; upasarga: anu-; sense: follows
svabhāva-sthamsituated in nature
svabhāva-stham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvabhāva+stha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga (Neuter), Prathamā/Dvitīyā vibhakti (Nom/Acc), Ekavacana (Singular); 'situated in nature'
idamthis
idam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक; sarvanāma)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga (Neuter), Prathamā/Dvitīyā vibhakti (Nom/Acc), Ekavacana (Singular)
sarvamall/entire
sarvam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga (Neuter), Prathamā/Dvitīyā vibhakti (Nom/Acc), Ekavacana (Singular)
sa-devāsura-mānuṣamincluding gods, demons, and humans
sa-devāsura-mānuṣam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa+deva+asura+mānuṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga (Neuter), Prathamā/Dvitīyā vibhakti (Nom/Acc), Ekavacana (Singular); dvandva with 'sa-' (together with): 'with gods, demons, and humans'

Lord Kṛṣṇa here elaborates upon the argument given in the previous verse. Since everything depends on svabhāva, or one’s conditioned nature, why bother worshiping God or the demigods? This argument would be sublime if svabhāva, or conditioned nature, were all-powerful. But unfortunately it is not. There is a supreme controller and we must worship Him, as Lord Kṛṣṇa will emphatically reveal in this chapter of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam. For now, however, He is content to tease His relatives.

K
Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse states that beings act under the control of their inherent nature—everyone, from devas to humans—tends to follow their own disposition.

In the Govardhana-līlā narrative, Kṛṣṇa uses clear reasoning to guide the Vraja community away from fear-based, ritualistic dependence and toward a grounded understanding of how the world functions—by nature—so their devotion can be directed properly.

Recognize your conditioning and tendencies, then consciously align your habits with dharma and bhakti—transforming “nature-driven” impulses into steady, devotional character.