Shloka 56

Sankhya Yoga — Sankhya Yoga

Devanagari script

दुःखेष्वनुद्विग्नमनाः सुखेषु विगतस्पृहः । वीतरागभयक्रोधः स्थितधीर्मुनिरुच्यते ॥ २.५६ ॥

Transliteration

duḥkheṣv anudvignamanāḥ sukheṣu vigataspṛhaḥ | vītarāgabhayakrodhaḥ sthitadhīr munir ucyate || 2.56 ||

Translation

Sesiapa yang hatinya tidak gundah dalam duka, tidak bernafsu dalam suka, serta bebas daripada rāga (keterikatan), bhaya (ketakutan) dan krodha (kemarahan)—dialah mūni yang berketeguhan budi (sthiradhī).

Gita Press Meaning

दुःखों में जिसका मन उद्विग्न नहीं होता, सुखों में जिसकी स्पृहा नहीं रहती, तथा जो राग, भय और क्रोध से रहित है—वह स्थिरबुद्धि मुनि कहलाता है।

Critical Edition Meaning

One whose mind is not agitated in suffering, who is free from longing in pleasures, and who is devoid of attachment, fear, and anger—such a sage is said to be steady-minded.

Comparative Note

Traditional translations often emphasize ‘muni’ as a spiritually disciplined person; academic renderings keep it as ‘sage.’ The triad ‘rāga-bhaya-krodha’ is sometimes interpreted psychologically (reactivity patterns) rather than as moral condemnation.

Word by Word

• दुःखेषु: in sorrows
• दुःखेषु: अधिकारण
• Root: दुःख

• अनुद्विग्नमनाः: one whose mind is not agitated
• अनुद्विग्नमनाः: कर्ता
• Root: अनुद्विग्न-मनस्

• सुखेषु: in pleasures
• सुखेषु: अधिकारण
• Root: सुख

• विगतस्पृहः: one free from craving/desire
• विगतस्पृहः: कर्ता
• Root: विगत-स्पृह

• वीतरागभयक्रोधः: one from whom attachment, fear, and anger have departed
• वीतरागभयक्रोधः: कर्ता
• Root: वीत-राग-भय-क्रोध

• स्थितधीः: one of steady understanding
• स्थितधीः: कर्ता
• Root: स्थित-धी

• मुनिः: sage; contemplative one
• मुनिः: कर्ता
• Root: मुनि

• उच्यते: is said/called
• Root: √वच्

Speakers

• Krishna

Primary Concepts

• Samatva (equanimity)
• Rāga (attachment)
• Bhaya (fear)
• Krodha (anger)

Key Themes

• Emotional steadiness
• Non-craving
• Freedom from reactive states

FAQs

Psychological significance?

It describes resilience: reduced agitation under stress and reduced compulsive pursuit of pleasure, alongside diminished fear-anger reactivity.

Metaphysical meaning?

Steady insight is presented as compatible with embodied experience of pleasure and pain, but not governed by them—implying a deeper self not identical with mental fluctuations.

Contextual relevance?

Continuing the ‘sthitaprajña’ portrait, it specifies observable traits—how wisdom appears in affect and motivation.

Modern Application?

Emotional regulation, reflective pause before reacting, and reducing dependency on external rewards align with the described stability.