Sutra 45

Devanagari script

स्वामिनश्चासन्नवृत्तित्वादमात्यसधर्मा दण्डः इति ॥ कZ_०८.१.४५ ॥

Transliteration

svāminaś cāsannavṛttitvād amātyasadharmā daṇḍaḥ iti.

Translation

Dan kerana tingkah laku pemerintah terikat rapat dengannya, kuasa paksaan berkongsi sifat para menteri (iaitu, ia beroperasi melalui kader pentadbiran).

Word by Word

• स्वामिनः: of the king (the master/sovereign)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वामिन्
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुंलिङ्ग); ‘स्वामिन्’ इति प्रातिपदिकम्

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• आसन्नवृत्तित्वात्: because of (his) being in close attendance / due to proximity of service
• Type: Noun (abstract)
• Root: आसन्नवृत्तित्व
• Form: पञ्चमी-एकवचनम् (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); हेतु/कारणार्थे ‘-त्वात्’

• अमात्यसधर्माः: having the same character as ministers / akin to ministers
• Type: Adjective (used predicatively)
• Root: अमात्यसधर्म
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (पुंलिङ्ग); विशेषणम् (दण्डाः इत्यस्य)

• दण्डाः: punishments / penal measures
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (पुंलिङ्ग)

• इति: thus
• Type: Quotative particle
• Root: इति
• Form: इत्यादि-निदर्शक-अव्ययम्; वाक्यसमाप्त्यर्थे

Entities Mentioned

• svāmin (king/ruler)
• amātya (minister/official)
• daṇḍa (coercive authority)

More Details

FAQs

What does ‘daṇḍa is like the amātyas’ imply institutionally?

Coercion is exercised through officials; discipline, loyalty, and administrative quality determine how force is applied and whether it serves the ruler’s policy.