Sutra 27

Devanagari script

बह्वेकपुत्रयोर्बहुपुत्र एकं दत्त्वा शेषप्रतिष्टब्धः संधिमतिक्रामति नेतरः ॥ कZ_०७.१७.२७ ॥

Transliteration

bahv-ekaputrayor bahuputra ekaṃ dattvā śeṣa-pratiṣṭabdhaḥ saṃdhim atikrāmati na itaraḥ

Translation

Antara raja yang mempunyai ramai putera dan raja yang hanya mempunyai seorang putera, raja yang ramai putera—setelah menyerahkan seorang (putera/tebusan) dan berasa terjamin oleh yang selebihnya—akan melanggar perjanjian; yang satu lagi tidak.

Word by Word

• बहु: much; many
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: विशेषण; प्रथमा एकवचन (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) — ‘बहु’ (अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः)

• एकपुत्रयोः: of/among the two having a single son (each)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकपुत्र
• Form: षष्ठी/सप्तमी द्विवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; ‘एकः पुत्रः यस्य’ इति (एकपुत्र)

• बहुपुत्रः: the one having many sons
• Type: Noun
• Root: बहुपुत्र
• Form: प्रथमा एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; ‘बहवः पुत्राः यस्य’

• एकम्: one (thing/person)
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective (numeral)
• Root: एक
• Form: द्वितीया एकवचन; नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• दत्त्वा: having given
• Type: Verb (absolutive)
• Root: दा (दाने)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (अव्ययकृदन्त); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया — ‘having given’

• शेषप्रतिष्टब्धः: supported/secured by the remainder (i.e., with reserves kept back)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: प्रतिस्तभ् (स्तम्भे)
• Form: प्रथमा एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; भूतकृदन्त (क्त); ‘शेषेण प्रतिष्टब्धः’ = शेषेण समर्थित/आश्रितः

• सन्धिम्: treaty; peace/compact
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्धि
• Form: द्वितीया एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग

• अतिक्रामति: oversteps; violates; transgresses
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति√क्रम् (गत्यर्थे)
• Form: लट्; प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• न: not
• Type: Particle (negation)
• Root: न
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय

• इतरः: the other (one)
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: इतर
• Form: प्रथमा एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; ‘the other’

Entities Mentioned

• bahuputra (many-sons king)
• ekaputra (one-son king)
• saṃdhi (treaty)

More Details

FAQs

Why is a king with many sons more likely to break a treaty after giving a son as pledge?

Because the political cost is diluted: surrendering one heir does not endanger dynastic continuity, so the pledge has weaker deterrent value.

What is the administrative intent behind this rule?

To estimate treaty reliability by comparing each side’s internal succession constraints and the credibility of pledged guarantees.