Sutra 16

Devanagari script

कन्या ह्यदायादा परेषामेवार्थायाक्लेश्या च ॥ कZ_०७.१७.१६ ॥

Transliteration

kanyā hy adāyādā pareṣām evārthāyākleśyā ca

Translation

Kerana seorang anak perempuan bukanlah pembawa hak waris (dalam garis keluarganya); dia berkhidmat untuk kepentingan orang lain (rumah suami) dan boleh dipaksa menanggung kesusahan.

Word by Word

• कन्या: a maiden / unmarried daughter
• Type: Noun
• Root: कन्या
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन

• हि: indeed; for
• Type: Particle
• Root: हि
• Form: निपात; अव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/समर्थनार्थ

• अदायादा: without inheritance-right; not an heir
• Type: Noun (adjectival use)
• Root: दायाद
• Form: नञ्-पूर्वक तत्पुरुष-भाव (a-dāyāda); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘कन्या’ विशेषणम्

• परेषाम्: of others
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective (substantive)
• Root: पर
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचन; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (सन्दर्भानुसार)

• एव: only; indeed
• Type: Particle
• Root: एव
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थ

• अर्थाय: for wealth; for (someone’s) benefit/property
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: चतुर्थी-एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रयोजन/सम्प्रदानार्थ

• आक्लेश्या: liable to be troubled/put to hardship (for others’ gain)
• Type: Verbal adjective (Gerundive)
• Root: क्लिश्
• Form: आ-उपसर्ग + √क्लिश्; -य (णीय/यत्-प्रत्ययार्थक कृदन्त); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘कन्या’ इत्यस्य विधेयविशेषणम्; अर्थः—‘क्लेशयितुं शक्या/क्लेशनीया’

• च: and
• Type: Conjunction
• Root: च
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ

Entities Mentioned

• daughter (kanyā)
• others (pareṣām)

More Details

FAQs

How should modern readers handle this verse’s social assumptions?

As a historical statement of patrilineal inheritance and alliance incentives in Kautilya’s milieu; analytically, it explains why marriage-based guarantees can be structurally asymmetric in power politics.