Sutra 31

Devanagari script

ये चास्यामात्याः स्वभूमिष्वायत्तास्ते चास्योद्विग्ना मण्डलमाश्रयन्ते ॥ कZ_०७.१६.३१ ॥

Transliteration

ye cāsyāmātyāḥ svabhūmiṣvāyattāste cāsyodvignā maṇḍalamāśrayante

Translation

Dan para menteri/pegawai baginda yang berakar di tanah air mereka sendiri—apabila cemas—juga akan berlindung (yakni berpaling tadah) kepada lingkaran negeri-negeri itu.

Word by Word

• ये: those who / which (plural)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: sarvanāma-prātipadika; puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: avyaya; samuccaya-arthaḥ

• अस्याम्: in this (woman/person) / in her
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: sarvanāma; strīliṅgaḥ; saptamī-vibhaktiḥ; ekavacanam

• अमात्याः: ministers; high officials
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमात्य
• Form: puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam

• स्वभूमिषु: in their own lands/territories
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वभूमि
• Form: strīliṅgaḥ; saptamī-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam

• आयत्ताः: dependent; subject (to someone’s control)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √यत् (यत्)
• Form: kṛdanta (kta); puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam; upasarga: ā-; sense: ‘dependent/subject to, under control’

• ते: they; those
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: sarvanāma; puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: avyaya; samuccaya-arthaḥ

• अस्य: of this (person/king); his/of him
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: sarvanāma; (puṃ/napuṃ); ṣaṣṭhī-vibhaktiḥ; ekavacanam

• उद्विग्नाः: alarmed; anxious; disturbed
• Type: Participle
• Root: √विज्/√विज्? (ud-√vij)
• Form: kṛdanta (kta); puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam; upasarga: ud-; sense: ‘agitated, alarmed, anxious’

• मण्डलम्: the (political) mandala; circle of states
• Type: Noun
• Root: मण्डल
• Form: napuṃsakaliṅgaḥ; dvitīyā-vibhaktiḥ; ekavacanam

• आश्रयन्ते: resort to; take refuge with
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रि (श्रि)
• Form: laṭ-lakāraḥ (present); ātmanepadam; prathama-puruṣaḥ; bahuvacanam; upasarga: ā-; meaning: ‘take refuge/resort to’

Entities Mentioned

• āmātya (minister/official)
• svabhūmi (home territory)
• maṇḍala

More Details

FAQs

Why are officials ‘connected to their own lands’ especially risky in crisis?

Their local bases provide shelter, resources, and alternative patrons, making exit/defection to neighboring states feasible when they feel threatened.

What governance measure is suggested indirectly?

Maintain ministerial confidence through fair treatment and monitoring; reduce over-reliance on officials with independent territorial bases without integrating them into the central interest.