Sutra 14
Devanagari script
स चेदज्ञानादिभिः परिहापयति तदेनं यथागुणं दापयेत् ॥ कZ_०२.९.१४ ॥
Transliteration
sa ced ajñānādibhiḥ parihāpayati tad enaṃ yathāguṇaṃ dāpayet
Translation
Jika dia menyebabkan kekurangan kerana kejahilan dan seumpamanya, dia hendaklah diwajibkan membayar ganti rugi sepadan dengan tahap kesalahan/kecekapan dirinya (yathāguṇa).
Word by Word
सःhe (that person)
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formsarvanāma; prathamā-vibhakti; ekavacana; pumliṅgaḥ
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeParticle
Rootचेत्
Formavyaya; conditional particle (yadi-artha)
अज्ञानादिभिःdue to ignorance and the like (i.e., similar causes)
अज्ञानादिभिः:
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञान
Formtṛtīyā-vibhakti; bahuvacana; napuṃsakaliṅga (ajñāna); ‘ādi’ indicates inclusion of similar causes; instrumental of cause
परिहापयतिcauses a loss / makes (it) fall short
परिहापयति:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-हā (causative)
Formlaṭ-lakāra; prathama-puruṣa; ekavacana; parasmaipada; ṇijanta (causative): ‘causes to diminish/causes loss’
तत्then/that (in that case)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formsarvanāma; dvitīyā-vibhakti; ekavacana; napuṃsakaliṅga; object-correlative (‘then/that’)
एनम्him
एनम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (enad-pronoun)
Formsarvanāma (enad); dvitīyā-vibhakti; ekavacana; pumliṅgaḥ; object (‘him’)
यथागुणम्according to (his) degree/merit; proportionately
यथागुणम्:
TypeAdverbial (indeclinable usage of accusative)
Rootयथा + गुण
Formavyayībhāva-samāsa; accusative singular used adverbially; meaning ‘according to (his) qualities/degree’
दापयेत्should cause (him) to pay / should make him compensate
दापयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (causative)
Formvidhi-liṅ (optative); prathama-puruṣa; ekavacana; parasmaipada; ṇijanta (causative) of √dā: ‘cause to pay/compel to give’
Entities Mentioned
O
official/agentT
treasuryFAQs
He separates loss from ignorance/incompetence from deliberate fraud, prescribing proportional recovery rather than automatic severe punishment.
Sanctions calibrated to role, responsibility, and degree of fault—an early proportionality doctrine in public administration.