Sutra 63

Devanagari script

स्वभूमिष्ठेषु तु त एवोपायाः ॥ कZ_०९.६.६३ ॥

Transliteration

svabhūmiṣṭheṣu tu ta evopāyāḥ

Translation

Bagi mereka yang kukuh bertapak di wilayah sendiri, langkah-langkah yang sama (yang telah dinyatakan) hendaklah diterapkan.

Word by Word

• स्वभूमिष्ठेषु: in the case of those situated on their own territory
• Type: Noun (compound adjective used substantively)
• Root: भूमि
• Form: बहुव्रीहिसदृश-विशेषण; स्वभूमिष्ठ = ‘one who is on/in his own territory’; सप्तमी बहुवचन (locative plural), पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रयोगः सन्दर्भानुसार

• तु: but; however
• Type: Particle
• Root: तु
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/विशेष-प्रदर्शनार्थक

• ते: those (measures/means)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: प्रथमा बहुवचन (nominative plural), पुंलिङ्ग

• एव: only; indeed
• Type: Particle
• Root: एव
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक

• उपायाः: means; measures; expedients
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपाय
• Form: प्रथमा बहुवचन (nominative plural), पुंलिङ्ग

Entities Mentioned

• svabhūmiṣṭha (territory-entrenched ruler/group)

More Details

FAQs

What is the administrative intent of calling for 'the same measures' against svabhūmiṣṭha?

Kauṭilya signals that entrenched adversaries are not exempt from standard instruments (conciliation, gifts, dissension, force, and covert methods); the doctrine is applied with situational tailoring rather than replaced.