Shloka 15

वालि–मायावी–बिलप्रवेशः

Vali’s Pursuit of Mayavi and the Cave Episode

Devanagari script

तस्य प्रविष्टस्य बिलं साग्रस्संवत्सरो गतः।स्थितस्य मम बिलद्वारि स कालो व्यत्यवर्तत4.9.15।।

Transliteration

tasya praviṣṭasya bilaṃ sāgraḥ saṃvatsaro gataḥ | sthitasya mama biladvāri sa kālo vyatyavartata || 4.9.15 ||

Translation

तो गुहेत प्रवेश केल्यावर वर्षाहून अधिक काळ निघून गेला; मी गुहेच्या द्वारी उभा असतानाच तो सारा काळ व्यर्थ सरून गेला।

Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular

• praviṣṭasya: who had entered
• praviṣṭasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: praviṣṭa (कृदन्त; √viś (धातु) with pra-)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Masculine, Genitive, Singular; qualifies tasya

• bilam: (in) the cave
• bilam: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; object with gataḥ in sense 'time went (into) the cave/for the cave' i.e., 'for him in the cave'

• sāgraḥ: with an excess (more than)
• sāgraḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound अव्ययीभाव: 'saha agreṇa' = 'with an excess/over and above'; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifies saṃvatsaraḥ

• saṃvatsaraḥ: a year
• saṃvatsaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃvatsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• gataḥ: had passed
• gataḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gata (कृदन्त; √gam (धातु))
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; predicate: 'a year had passed'

• sthitasya: of (me) standing
• sthitasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sthita (कृदन्त; √sthā (धातु))
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Masculine, Genitive, Singular; refers to 'of me standing/waiting'

• mama: of me/my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Genitive, Singular

• biladvāri: at the cave-entrance
• biladvāri: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bila + dvāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी): 'bilasya dvāram'; Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (biladvāre); epic locative in -i

• saḥ: that
• saḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifies kālaḥ

• kālaḥ: time
• kālaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• vyatyavartata: passed by/elapsed
• vyatyavartata: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vṛt (धातु) with vi-ati-
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, Singular, Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Vāli
• cave (bila)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Steadfastness in duty: Sugrīva remains at the cave entrance for a long time, showing perseverance and loyalty despite uncertainty.

What is the narrative situation?

Vāli has entered a cave to fight an enemy; Sugrīva waits outside, and more than a year passes with no return.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Endurance and devotion to kin—Sugrīva’s willingness to wait and keep vigil for his brother.