Shloka 19

Jatāyu’s Resistance, Sītā’s Traces, Kabandha’s Release, and the Path to Sugrīva (Āraṇyaka-parva 263)

Devanagari script

अतिहर्षान्वितो राजन्‌ वरमेनमयाचत । शिष्यै: सह मम ब्रह्म॒न्‌ यथा जातो5तिथिभर्भवान्‌

Transliteration

atihārṣānvitō rājan varam enam ayācata | śiṣyaiḥ saha mama brahman yathā jāto 'tithir bhavān ||

Translation

राजन्! अत्यंत आनंदाने भरून त्याने त्यांच्याकडे हा वर मागितला—“ब्रह्मन्! जसे आपण माझे अतिथी झाला आहात, तसेच शिष्यांसह माझे अतिथी व्हा.”

Word by Word

• अतिहर्षान्वितः: endowed with great joy
• अतिहर्षान्वितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतिहर्षान्वित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• वरम्: a boon
• वरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अयाचत: asked/begged
• Type: Verb
• Root: याच्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• शिष्यैः: with (his) disciples
• शिष्यैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिष्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• मम: of me / my
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• ब्रह्मन्: O brahmin
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Vocative, Singular

• यथा: as / in such a way that
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• जातः: born / become
• Type: Verb
• Root: जात
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)

• अतिथिः: a guest
• अतिथिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिथि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भवान्: you (honorific)
• भवान्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: भवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• King (rājan)
• Brāhmaṇa (brahman)
• disciples (śiṣyāḥ)
• guest (atithi)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights atithi-dharma: honoring a guest—especially a Brāhmaṇa and his disciples—as a sacred duty, expressed here through a heartfelt request to host them.

What is happening in the narrative?

A person, filled with great joy, asks for a boon: that the arriving Brāhmaṇa, along with his disciples, should accept hospitality and stay as his guest.