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Shloka 61

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

सर्वा दिश: सम्पतता रथेन रजोध्वस्तं गाण्डिवेन प्रकृत्तम्‌ । यदा द्रष्टा स्वबलं सम्प्रमूढं तदा पश्चात्‌ तप्स्यति मन्दबुद्धि:,“मन्दबुद्धि धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र जब यह देखेगा कि सम्पूर्ण दिशाओंमें दौड़नेवाले मेरे रथके द्वारा उड़ायी हुई धूलिसे आच्छादित हो उसकी सारी सेना धराशायी हो रही है और मेरे गाण्डीव धनुषसे छूटे हुए बाणोंद्वारा उसके समस्त सैनिक छिन्न-भिन्न होते चले जा रहे हैं, तब उसे बड़ा पछतावा होगा

saṃjayā uvāca | sarvā diśaḥ sampatatā rathena rajodhvastaṃ gāṇḍīvena prakṛttam | yadā draṣṭā svabalaṃ sampramūḍhaṃ tadā paścāt tapsyati mandabuddhiḥ |

संजय म्हणाला—जेव्हा मंदबुद्धी धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र पाहील की माझा रथ सर्व दिशांना धावत असल्याने उडालेल्या धुळीने त्याची सारी सेना झाकली जाऊन पूर्ण गोंधळात पडली आहे आणि गाण्डीवातून सुटलेल्या बाणांनी त्याचे सैनिक छिन्नभिन्न होत आहेत, तेव्हा तो नंतर तीव्र पश्चात्तापाने होरपळेल।

सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सम्पतताby (a chariot) rushing about
सम्पतता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular, present active participle (शतृ), agreeing with रथेन
रथेनby the chariot
रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रजःdust
रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ध्वस्तम्scattered/whirled up
ध्वस्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootध्वंस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, past passive participle (क्त), qualifying रजः
गाण्डिवेनby (the bow) Gāṇḍīva
गाण्डिवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डिव
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रकृत्तम्cut up/cleft (i.e., churned/lashed)
प्रकृत्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र + कृत्त (from √कृत्/√कृन्त् 'to cut')
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, past passive participle (क्त), qualifying रजः
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
द्रष्टाwill see
द्रष्टा:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, periphrastic future agent noun (लुट्-कर्तृ), 'will see'
स्वबलम्his own army/force
स्वबलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + बल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सम्प्रमूढम्utterly bewildered/confounded
सम्प्रमूढम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + प्र + √मुह्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, past passive participle (क्त), qualifying स्वबलम्
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
तप्स्यतिwill suffer/repent
तप्स्यति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√तप्
FormFuture (लृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मन्दबुद्धिःthe dull-witted one
मन्दबुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्द + बुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra’s son (Duryodhana implied)
A
Arjuna (implied through Gāṇḍīva)
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)
C
chariot
A
army/host (svabala)

Educational Q&A

Moral blindness and arrogance lead to ruin; insight that comes only after violence has unfolded becomes mere remorse. The verse highlights the ethical cost of rejecting wise counsel and choosing war.

Sanjaya describes the future battlefield outcome: Dhritarashtra’s son will witness his forces overwhelmed—obscured by dust from the chariot’s swift movement and cut down by arrows from the Gāṇḍīva—leading him to regret afterward.