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Shloka 12

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

हिया ज्ञानेन तपसा दमेन शौर्येणाथो धर्मगुप्त्या धनेन । अन्यायवृत्ति: कुरुपाण्डवेया- नध्यातिष्ठेद्‌ धार्तराष्ट्रो दुरात्मा,अन्यायपूर्ण बर्ताव करनेवाले दुरात्मा दुर्योधनको उचित है कि वह लज्जा, ज्ञान, तपस्या, इन्द्रियसंयम, शौर्य, धर्मरक्षा आदि गुणों तथा धनके द्वारा कौरव-पाण्डवोंपर अधिकार प्राप्त करे (सदगुणोंद्वारा सबके हृदयको जीते, अन्यायसे शासन करना असम्भव है)

hrīyā jñānena tapasā damena śauryeṇātho dharmaguptyā dhanena | anyāyavṛttiḥ kurupāṇḍaveyān adhyātiṣṭhed dhārtarāṣṭro durātmā ||

संजय म्हणाला—अधर्मवृत्तीचा दुरात्मा धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र दुर्योधनाने कुरू व पांडवांवर अधिकार अन्यायाने नव्हे; तर लज्जा, सद्ज्ञान, तप, इंद्रियसंयम, शौर्य, धर्मरक्षण आणि न्याय्य धन यांच्या बळावर मिळवावा. अन्यायाने राज्य टिकत नाही; सद्गुणांनीच हृदये जिंकली जातात.

ह्रियाby modesty/shame
ह्रिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootह्री
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
ज्ञानेनby knowledge
ज्ञानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
दमेनby self-control
दमेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शौर्येणby valor
शौर्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशौर्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अथand then/also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
धर्मगुप्त्याby protection of dharma
धर्मगुप्त्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मगुप्ति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
धनेनby wealth
धनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अन्यायवृत्तिःone whose conduct is unjust / unjust conduct (as a descriptor)
अन्यायवृत्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्यायवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कुरुपाण्डवेयान्the Kuru and Pandava people
कुरुपाण्डवेयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुपाण्डवेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अधिover/upon
अधि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि
आतिष्ठेत्should take a stand/should rule/should assume authority
आतिष्ठेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धार्तराष्ट्रःthe son of Dhritarashtra (Duryodhana)
धार्तराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुरात्माevil-souled/wicked
दुरात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhartarashtra (Duryodhana)
K
Kurus
P
Pandavas

Educational Q&A

Legitimate authority is established through virtues—modesty, wisdom, austerity, self-restraint, valor, protection of dharma, and rightful wealth—not through injustice. Unrighteous conduct cannot sustain rule.

Sanjaya comments on Duryodhana’s stance in the tense pre-war negotiations, implying that if he seeks to lead or command the Kuru-Pandava world, he must win people through ethical qualities rather than coercion and wrongdoing.