Shloka 53
उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)
Devanagari script
ऐश्वर्यमदपापिष्ठा मदा: पानमदादय: । ऐश्वर्यमदमत्तो हि नापतित्वा विबुध्यते
Transliteration
aiśvaryamada-pāpiṣṭhā madāḥ pānamadādayaḥ | aiśvaryamada-matto hi nāpatitvā vibudhyate ||
Translation
पानादि नशे हे नशेच; पण ऐश्वर्याचा मद सर्वाधिक पापिष्ठ आहे. कारण ऐश्वर्य-मदाने उन्मत्त झालेला पुरुष पतन झाल्याशिवाय शुद्धीवर येत नाही.
Word by Word
ऐश्वर्य-मद-पापिष्ठाःmost sinful due to the intoxication of power/sovereignty
ऐश्वर्य-मद-पापिष्ठाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपापिष्ठ (पाप + इष्ठ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मदाःintoxications, prides
मदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पान-मद-आदयःthe intoxication of drinking and the like
पान-मद-आदयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ऐश्वर्य-मद-मत्तःone intoxicated by power/sovereignty
ऐश्वर्य-मद-मत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
आपतित्वाhaving fallen into (misfortune), having come to ruin
आपतित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootआपत्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
विबुध्यतेcomes to his senses, realizes
विबुध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormLat, Present, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
Speaker
विदुर उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
ViduraCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The most dangerous intoxication is not wine but the pride born of power and prosperity; it blinds judgment so thoroughly that a person often understands only after suffering a downfall.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers moral counsel (nīti) meant to restrain destructive choices; here he warns that royal power can intoxicate and lead to ruin unless checked by humility and discernment.